Lecture 22

Question 1

Out of archaea and bacteria, both of which are present at high temps, which tends to be present at higher temperatures?

Answer 1

Archaea tends to have higher Temperatures.

Question 2

What are growing conditions needed for Halophile?

Answer 2

High sale, at least .2M needed for growth.

Question 3

What are optimal temps for hyperthermophile?

Answer 3

High heat, 80-120 degrees Celsius

Question 4

What is the extermophile that lives at very low heat and temperates of less than 15 degrees Celsius.

Answer 4

Psychrophile.

Question 5

What is the temp that most organisms prefer?

Answer 5

37 degrees Celsius

Question 6

Thermophiles will need _____ enzymes

Psychrophiles will need _______ enzymes

Answer 6

Tough, effiecnent

Question 7

T/F: Enzymes change after they catalyze chemical reactions

Answer 7

False, enzymes themselves do not change.

Question 8

Enzymes can be destroyed by ___-,_____,____

Inhibited by _______, _______

Answer 8

Destroyed by heat, acid, base.

Inhibited day cold, and salt

Question 9

Optimum temp is always closer to the _____ temp, than the ____ temp

Answer 9

Max, min

Question 10

An example of Psychrophile is _____ and optimal temp is _____ Celsius

An example of Mesophile is _____ and optimal temp is _____ Celsius

An example of THermophile is _____ and optimal temp is _____ Celsius

An example of hyperTHermophile is _____ and optimal temp is _____ Celsius

Answer 10

Flavobacterium, optim temp is 4
E.coli, optimimal temp is 39C
Thermophile: Bacillus, temp 60C
Thermoccocus, 88-106C

Question 11

For Psychrophiles (COLD), what adoption are needed.

Answer 11

More fluid membrane, and more structurally flexible proteins

Question 12

THe following describe what type of organisms (the temp stuff)
Can grow at temps of 04, but optimally grow at 20-40
Bacteria grow slower lay.
Include bacteria, fungi, algae, and Protozoa

Answer 12

Pyschrotolerant

Question 13

Psychrophiles have low temperature Optimus’s and are denatured at moderate temps because___

Answer 13

They contain more alpha helix, and less beta sheets. This makes them less rigid as beta sheets are more rigid.
More polar and less hydrophobic AA, to help keep proteins flexible.
More unsaturated fatty acid (double bonds) which keep the membrane more fluid.

Question 14

What is the goal of Cold shock proteins, and which microbes are they present in?

Answer 14

They prevent cell from freezing. They are present in meosphile and psychorphile.

Question 15

Cold active proteins are used in _____ and _____

Answer 15

Laundry detergents and household cleaners

Question 16

_________ is a fungal infection that affect bats. Infection is caused by _____ _______

Answer 16

White nose syndrome, psychrophiles Geomyces.

Question 17

What temp is the upper limit in terms of temp for light.

Answer 17

140-150 Celsius

Question 18

Name some common places Thermophiles are found, as well as their temp range.

Answer 18

Range of 42-68 degrees Celsius.

Found in compostphiles, hot water heaters and electric power plants.

Question 19

______ ________ is commonly used in PCR>

Answer 19

Thermos aquaticus, gram negative, rod shaped organism.

Question 20

In-depth Biofuel, Hydrolysis breaks down cellulose to ________. Fermentation then

Answer 20

Monosaccharides (glucose)

Fermentation converts monosaccharide into alcohols.