Lecture 21- Immunocompromised Host Flashcards
Why is immunodeficiency a problem?
Many different diseases and hard to diagnose. Most patients diagnosed 8-12 years from onset of symptoms. Organ damage has already occurred in a lot of cases
What is an immunocompromised host?
State in which the immune system is unable to respond appropriately and effectively to infectious microorganisms due to a defect in one or more components of immune system
What are the main reasons for secondary or acquired immunodeficiency?
Malnutrition
Malignancy
Infection (HIV)
Chemotherapy
What components of immune system or defective in most immunodeficiency disease?
Neutrophils, B cells and T cells
When should immunodeficiency be suspected?
SPUR
Severe
persistent
Unusual
Recurrent
10 warning signs?
10 signs for children and adults that you may have immunodeficiency such as repeated ear infections in one year etc
Immunodeficiency and cancer?
Prone to certain cancers eg lymphoma, leukaemia, Hodgkin’s disease and adenocarcinoma
Percentage of immunodeficiencies caused by antibody defects?
65%
Main antibody defect PID?
Defect in B cell development such as Brutons
Defect in antibody production such as common variable immunodeficiency
Immunodeficiency caused by T cell defects?
Combined B and T cell defects like SCID
T cell defects like Di George syndrome
15%
Phagocytes defects immunodeficiency?
10% of PIDs
Defects in respiratory burst- chronic granulomatous disease (CGD)
Presentation of PID?
If under 6 months suggests T-cell or phagocyte defect as antibodies have been passed on from mother and should last 6 months
Between 6 months and 5 years?
B- cell antibody or phagocyte defect
Onset over 5 years?
B cell antibody or complement or secondary immunodeficiency
Identifyingcause of immunodeficiency disease?
Certainpathogens are associated with specific components of immune system. Recurrent type of infection can pin point component that is defective
