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T2: Theme 3: CVS > Lecture 20: Diagnostic blood chemistry > Flashcards

Lecture 20: Diagnostic blood chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

What are the risk factors for angina?

A

Treatment of hypertension

Cessation of smoking

Weight reduction

Control diabetes

Regular physical activity

Cholesterol reduction - initiation of statin therapy

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2
Q

What is the result change value?

A

Result variability due to change

Analytical + biological variability

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3
Q

What is the RCV for cholesterol?

A

16%

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4
Q

What is the RCV for prostate specific antigen?

A

56%

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5
Q

What is the average first dose reduction following statins?

A

25%

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6
Q

What is the result of doubling statin dose?

A

Additional 10% reduction

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7
Q

How do the kidneys maintain the acid base balance?

A

Resorb HCO3- (PCT) and secrete H+ (DCT)

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8
Q

How do the lungs maintain the acid base balance?

A

CO2 removal shifts equation to Right with loss of H+ & HCO3-

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9
Q

How much acid is eliminated by kidneys every day?

A

40 nmol/day

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10
Q

How much CO2 is eliminated by lungs every day?

A

20000 nmol/day

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11
Q

What are the extracellular buffering systems?

A

Bicarbonate- and Na+

Albumin- and Na+

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12
Q

What are the intracellular buffering systems?

A

Haemoglobin- and K+

Muscle protein- and K+

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13
Q

What is the relationship between HCO3 and pCO2 in all simple acid base disorders?

A

They will move in the same direction

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14
Q

What is the compensatory response for metabolic acidosis?

A

Decrease in CO2

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15
Q

What is the compensatory response for metabolic alkalosis?

A

Increase in CO2

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16
Q

What is the compensatory response for respiratory acidosis?

A

Increase in HCO3-

17
Q

What is the compensatory response for respiratory alkalosis?

A

Decrease in HCO3-

18
Q

If pCO2 is high, what type of disorder is it?

A

Respiratory

19
Q

If pCO2 is low, what type of disorder is it?

A

Not respiratory

20
Q

If bicarb is low, what type of disorder is it?

A

Metabolic

21
Q

What is the normal range for pH?

A

7.35 - 7.45

T2: Theme 3: CVS (18 decks)

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