Lecture 20-22- Mycology

Question 1

Define heterotroph

Answer 1

obtain carbon by consuming organisms

Question 2

What is contained in fungal cell membranes?

Answer 2

Sterols (ergosterol)

Question 3

Unicellular fungal form-

Answer 3

yeast

Question 4

Multicellular fungal form-

Answer 4

mold

Question 5

Fungi that switch between yeast and mold forms-

Answer 5

dimorphic

Question 6

Branches of multicellular mold-

Answer 6

hyphae

Question 7

Group of tangled hyphae-

Answer 7

mycelium

Question 8

Cross walls within hyphae-
The two categories based on them

Answer 8

Septa
Septate vs coenocytic

Question 9

Dark pigmented hyphae-

Answer 9

Dematiaceous fungus

Question 10

Non-pigmented hyphae-

Answer 10

Hyaline fungus

Question 11

What test can be used to detect Fungal pathogens in the blood (low specificity?

Answer 11

Beta D-glucan assay

Question 12

What type of stain looks at fungal hyphae in large sections of tissue

Answer 12

Calcofluor stain

Question 13

What is the difference between Sabouraud Dextrose Agar and Sabouraud Dextrose Agar with cycloheximide

Answer 13

Both inhibit bacteria, cycloheximide inhibits fast growing saprophytic fungus

Question 14

What cell wall molecule is often targeted by antifungal drugs

Answer 14

Ergosterol

Question 15

What is Griseofulvin effective against?

Answer 15

dermatophyte cell division

Question 16

What are dermatophytes?

Answer 16

Fungal species that infect skin

Question 17

What species is the major reservoir for Microsporum canis?

Answer 17

Cats

Question 18

What are the three most common dermatophyte species?

Answer 18

Microsporum canis
Trichophyton mentagrophytes
Trichophyton verrucosum

Question 19

What organism causes ringworm infections in cattle?

Answer 19

Trichophyton verrucosum

Question 20

What organism causes pseudomycetomas in Persian cats?

Answer 20

Microsporum canis

Question 21

What causes avian ringworm or Favus?

Answer 21

Microsporum gallinae

Question 22

How to dx Microsporum canis in cats

Answer 22

Woods lamp fluorescence

Question 23

Can a DTM tube be used for presumptive identification?

Answer 23

Yes

Question 24

How should Griseofulvin be administered to fight dermatophytic infections?

Answer 24

Orally

Question 25

Which yeast has a footprint shape?

Answer 25

Malassezia pachydermatis

Question 26

Which nonbudding yeast causes thrush?

Answer 26

Candida albicans

Question 27

What fungus is transmitted through pigeon droppings?

Answer 27

Cryptococcus neoformans

Question 28

What fungal pathogen is emerging and found in eucalyptus trees

Answer 28

Crytptococcus gattii

Question 29

What fungal pathogen attackes the CNS in immunocompromised patients and can cause granulomatous lesions?

Answer 29

Cryptococcus

Question 30

What fungal pathogen has a visible capsule

Answer 30

Cryptococcus

Question 31

Which fungal pathogenes are thermaly dimorphic

Answer 31

Histoplasma Blastomyces Coccidiodes Sporothrix

Question 32

What fungal pathogen is the most common systemic mycosis?

Answer 32

Blastomyces dermatidis

Question 33

What fungal pathogen is characterized by a thick cell wall and broad-base budding

Answer 33

Blastmyces dermatidis

Question 34

Where is blastomyces dermatidis endemic

Answer 34

Ohio-Mississippi river valley

Question 35

What fungal pathogen is characterized by living within macrophages and inhabiting bird droppings in the Ohio river valley?

Answer 35

Histoplasma capsulatum

Question 36

What manifestation of histoplasma capsulatum can occur frequently in dogs, but not people

Answer 36

Severe diarrhea and wasting

Question 37

What are the 2 most common causes of fungal infections in cats?

Answer 37

1. Cryptococcus 2. histoplasma capsulatum

Question 38

What life stage of Coccidioides immitis is inhaled and formed from mycelium?

Answer 38

Arthroconidia

Question 39

Where is coccidioides immitis endemic?

Answer 39

Southwest

Question 40

What fungal pathogen can manifest as osteomyelitis or respiratory disease?

Answer 40

Coccidioides immitis

Question 41

What characteristic can be observed microscopically in a coccidioides immitis infection?

Answer 41

spherules containing endospores within the tissue

Question 42

What is the microscopic characteristic feature of sporothrix schenkii?

Answer 42

Cigar-shaped, elpongated, pleomorphic yeast within tissue

Question 43

What fungal pathogen is also known as Rose Gardner's syndrome and causes lymphatic granuomatous lesions in cats and horses?

Answer 43

Sporothrix schenkii

Question 44

What type of fungal pathogen is ubiquitous in "moldy environemnts"

Answer 44

Asperigillus

Question 45

What fungal pathogen is known to cause a leathery skin pattern on aborted fetuses, air sacculitis, rumenititis, sinusititis, and gutteral pouch mycosis?

Answer 45

Asperigillus

Question 46

What pathogen is spread by algea in warm environments?

Answer 46

Prototheca

Question 47

WHat disease is caused by Pseudogymnoascus destructans?

Answer 47

White-nose syndrome

Question 48

What disease is caused by Rhinosporidium seeberi in mammals and birds

Answer 48

Nasal polyps