Lecture 2: What does dislocation mean?

Question 1

What are the three main types of joint?

Answer 1

Fibrous
Cartilaginous
Synovial

Question 2

Give examples of fibrous joints.

Answer 2

• Sutures between the skull bones.
• Interosseus membrane between the radius and ulna.
• The fontanelles present in a newborn baby’s head.

Question 3

What is syndesmoses?

Answer 3

A fibrous joint in which bones are connected by an interosseus membrane or ligament.

Question 4

Give one advantage and one disadvantage of Fibrous joints.

Answer 4

Advantage- They are highly stable.

Disadvantage- They provide a poor range of mobility.

Question 5

How are cartilaginous joints classified?

Answer 5

Primary and secondary

Question 6

What is a primary cartilaginous joint, and an example?

Answer 6

• Joints made of cartilage which ossify (Turn into bone) once growth is fully complete.
• Epiphyseal growth plates

Question 7

Give an example of a secondary cartilaginous joint.

Answer 7

• Intervertebral discs

- Manubriosternal joint

Question 8

What are the advantages and disadvantages of cartilaginous joints?

Answer 8

Advantage- Relatively stable

Disadvantage- limited mobility

Question 9

What are the two parts to a vertebral disc?

Answer 9

Anulus fibrosus- The fibrous ring

Anulus pulposus- The soft core

Question 10

What is the function of hyaline cartilage?

Answer 10

Provides a smooth bone end to help prevent friction between the bone ends.

Question 11

What are the features of a synovial joint? (6)

Answer 11

• Hyaline cartilage at bone ends
• Capsule attached to articular surfaces to secrete synovial fluid
• Joint cavity containing synovial fluid
• Ligaments
• Tendons
• Bursae

Question 12

Name the 5 different types of synovial joint, and give an example of each?

Answer 12

• Pivot in the neck
• Plane in the acromioclavicular joint
• Hinge in the elbow
• Ball and socket in the hip
• Biaxial in the knee

Question 13

Rank the classifications joints in terms of stability. (Most to least stable)

Answer 13

Fibrous
Cartilaginous
Synovial

Question 14

What is the difference between dislocation and subluxation?

Answer 14

• Dislocation- Complete loss of contact between articular surfaces
• Subluxation- Reduced area of contact between articular surfaces.

Question 15

What is a fossa and give an example?

Answer 15

-A depression or hollow

-Cranial fossae (Anterior, middle, posterior)
Mandibular fossa in the temporal bone

Question 16

What is a tubercle?

Answer 16

A small round proturberance in a bone.