Lecture 2 (Systems of the Human Body)

Question 1

What are the functions and components of the integumentary system?

Answer 1

Functions:
- Protect the body
- Regulate body temperature
- Eliminate some waste
- Sense (pain, touch pressure, temperature)

Components:
- Skin
- Structures associated with skin (hair, nails
and glands)

Question 2

How many body systems are there?

Answer 2

11 body systems

Question 3

What are the functions and components of the skeletal system?

Answer 3

Functions:
- Support and protect the body
- Provide specific area for muscle
attachment (movement)
- Stores stem cells (bone marrow)

Components:
- Bones
- Joints
- Cartilage

Question 4

What are the functions and components of the Muscular system?

Answer 4

Functions:
- Maintain posture
- Movement
- Produce heat

Components:
-Skeletal muscle

Question 5

What are the functions and components of the nervous system?

Answer 5

Functions:
- Regulate body activities through nerve impulses (action potentials)

Components:
- Brain
- Spinal cord
- Nerves
- Sense organs (eyes, ears)

Question 6

What are the functions and components of the Endocrine system?

Answer 6

Functions:
- Regulate body activities through hormones transported by blood to various organs

Components:
- All glands and tissues that produce hormones

Question 7

What are the functions and components of the Lymphatic System?

Answer 7

Functions:
- Returns proteins and fluid to blood
- Contains B & T cells that protect against disease

Components:
- Lymphatic vessels
- Lymphatic fluid (lymph)
- Spleen
- Thymus
- Lymph nodes
- Tonsils
- White blood cells

Question 8

What are the functions and components of the Cardiovascular system?

Answer 8

Functions:
- Heart pumps blood through blood vessels
- Blood carries O2 & nutrients to cells
- Blood carries CO2 & waste away from cells
- Blood components help defend against disease

Components:
- Blood
- Heart
- Blood vessels

Question 9

What are the functions and components of the Respiratory system?

Answer 9

Functions:
- Transfers O2 from inhaled air to blood and CO2 from blood to exhaled air
- Air flowing through vocal chords produces
sound

Components:
- Lungs
- Air passageways (pharynx, larynx, bronchial tubes and alveoli)

Question 10

What are the functions and components of the Digestive system?

Answer 10

Functions:
- Physical and chemical breakdown of food
- Absorbs nutrients
- Eliminates wastes

Components:
- Organs of gastrointestinal tract (mouth, esophagus, stomach, small and large
intestine and rectum)

Question 11

What are the functions and components of the Urinary system?

Answer 11

Functions:
- Produces, stores and eliminates urine
- Eliminates wastes
- Regulates volume and chemical
composition of blood
- Regulates blood cell production
- Regulates acid base balance

Components:
- Kidneys
- Ureters
- Bladder
- Urethra

Question 12

What are the functions and components of the Reproductive system?

Answer 12

Functions:
- Gonads produce gametes (sperm and eggs)
- Associated organs transport and store gametes
- Males produce testosterone
- Females produce estrogen

Components:
- Gonads (Testicles in males, ovaries in females)
- Associated organs in females (uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, mammary glands)
- Associated organs in males (epididymis, vas
deferens, penis)