Lecture 2: Pulmonary Flashcards
What is a common cause of COPD?
Smoking!!!
What is the most common asthma trigger that Fusco wants us to know?
Tobacco smoke
What is a goal for pharmacology in all patients with a chronic condition like COPD
Try to keep them out of acute exacerbation and reduce the daily shortness of breath
What is the preferred method of delivery of medications for patients with asthma or COPD?
Inhalation (reduces the effects of oral ingestion)
Can Short Acting Beta 2 Andrenergic (SABAs) Agonists be used as a rescue inhaler?
Yes
Please identify the preferred medication delivery route for a patient with asthma.
Inhaled
What is the duration of action of SABAs?
3-4 hours
What are two common side effects of SABAs?
Shaking and increased heart rate (<need to know) (jittery and increase BP are also side effects)
What else do patients need to take with LABAs (Long acting beta2 Andrenergic agonist)?
-should be used in combination with an inhaled corticosteroid.
Can you use LABA as a rescue inhaler?
No!!!!
Tiotropium (spiriva) are anticholinergics. Are they indicated for asthma patients? Are they indicated for COPD?
Not for asthma patients
Yes for COPD patients
What kind of schedule should muscarinic cholinergic antagonists be taken for COPD patients?
A routine schedule
Can muscarinic cholinergic antagonists be used for rescue?
No
Which disease process are inhaled corticosteroids more useful in: asthma? Or COPD?
Asthma
What is a side effect of inhaled corticosteroids?
> > > Oral thrush
- headache
- growth stunting
True/false: inhaled corticosteroids do not cause bronchodilation and are not for rescue.
True
Why should you not take oral corticosteroids long term!?
Osteoporosis (prednisone)
What are the goals of asthma?
> > control
1) reduce impairment
2) reduce risk
What does GOLD stand for?
Global initiative for chronic Obstructive Lung Disease
What are the goals for treatment of COPD?
1) reduce symptom
2) reduce risk
If you see a patient with COPD, what yearly thing must they needed to be reminded to get?
> pneumococcal and influenza vaccination
What is a pulmonary embolus?
A thrombus that usually forms in the peripheral limb (DVT) that travels through the right heart and becomes lodged in the pulmonary arteries.
If a patient gets a pulmonary embolus and you place them on an anti platelet therapy… What is a risk factor for anti-platelet therapy?
Bleeding bitches
What is the international normalized ratio (INR)?
The ratio between the sample being analyzed and a known specimen of normal blood
Normal is 0.9-1.1
When a patient is on warfarin for PE/DVT treatment our goal is an INR of 2-3
