lecture 2- mitosis and meiosis Flashcards
1
Q
gene
A
genomic sequence corresponding to a unit of inheritance
2
Q
locus
A
location of a gene on the physical map
3
Q
cytology
A
chromosomes are stained for identification using special stains. the result is G banding pattern characteristic to each chromosome
4
Q
G1
A
cells prepare for replication
5
Q
S
A
DNA replicates and new chromosomes are formed
6
Q
G2
A
cells prepare for mitosis or divison
7
Q
mitosis
A
- asexual cell division
- continuum of events
- divided into 4 cytological phases
8
Q
prophase
A
- chromosomes condensed and replicated chromosomes become visible
- chromosomes attach to spindle via kinetochore
- nucleolus and nuclear membrane start to disappear
9
Q
metaphase
A
chromosomes align on the equatorial plane
10
Q
anaphase
A
sister chromatids separate and migrate to opposite poles
11
Q
telophase
A
cell division starts and reformation of nucleus and nucleolus
12
Q
meiosis
A
- sexual cell division
- not a cell cycle, it is a linear progression of events
- occurs in germ cells
13
Q
prophase I
A
- chromosomes condense and replicated chromosomes become visible
- homologous chromosomes pair or synapse
- nucleolus and nuclear membrane start to disappear
spindle starts to form
14
Q
metaphase I
A
- homologous chromosomes pair at mid-plane
- nucleolus and nuclear membrane disappeared
- spindle forms
15
Q
anaphase I
A
homologous chromosomes separate
16
Q
telophase I
A
- cell division
- nuclear membrane may appear
17
Q
prophase II
A
not much change
18
Q
metaphase II
A
- spindle forms
- chromosomes align at mid-plane
- no pairing of chromosomes
19
Q
anaphase II
A
- centromeres divide
- sister chromatids separate
20
Q
telophase II
A
- nuclear envelope forms
- cells start to divide
21
Q
difference between anaphase I and anaphase II
A
- I.) homologous chromosomes separate ( no centromere separation )
- II.) centromeres separate (sister chromatids separate)
