lecture 2 microglia

Question 1

Microglia

Answer 1

resident macrophages of the brain (1932)
15% of the total nervous system glial population
individual cells occupy distinct territories

Question 2

Microglia are Critical effectors/regulators of change in ____during development, in health and _______

Answer 2

CNS homeostasis,in disease

Question 3

Microglia 3 activity stages

Answer 3

1) r Ramified
2) Activated or Reactive
3) Amoeboid or Phagocytic

Question 4

monocytes macrophages comes from

Answer 4

bone marrow

Question 5

microglia are formed in

Answer 5

embryogenesis through mesoderm

Question 6

Ramified microglia =

Answer 6

Surveying

Question 7

Pinocytosis

Answer 7

sipping away at the ECF

Question 8

Homeostasis

Answer 8

physical equilibrium maintenance of a stable environment

Question 9

M1 microglia is

Answer 9

pro-inflammatory

Question 10

M2 microglia is

Answer 10

anti-inflamitory

Question 11

what are 2 benefical funtions of microglia

Answer 11

1) myelin debris clearance (beta amaloid) and invading macrophages
2) release of growth factors and neurotrophins

Question 12

when a microglia becomes activated it can

Answer 12

become M1 or M2 (not static)

Question 13

ameoboid microglia, what shape

Answer 13

phagocytosis can take up substances, round

Question 14

phagocytosis and microglia is important for

Answer 14

Development
Homeostasis
Damage
Disease

Question 15

Senescence

Answer 15

is just another word for the process of aging; Senescent phase: It is the period when an organism grows old and loses the ability to reproduce. When proliferating cells stop dividing they are said to be in the senescent.

Question 16

are mircoglia good or bad?

Answer 16

context dependant, in stroke can be good, in certain brain cancers very bad

Question 17

Neuronal Signals ______ Microglia and the same neuron can realease _____signals at the same time

Answer 17

Activate (micro glia can move), diffrerent

Question 18

microglia can go from _____ to _____ depending on ______

Answer 18

ramified to ameoboid, neuronal signals

Question 19

acute microglial activation leads to

Answer 19

preservation of tissue

Question 20

chronic microglia activation (in arthritis, and auto immune disease ) leads to

Answer 20

neurodegeneration

Question 21

in Fluid percussion (FPI) aka moderate TBI or concussive injury microglia

Answer 21

can move to the site of injury, ramfified microglia changed shape to rod like , helped to remodel (no evidence if good or bad)

Question 22

in normal conditions in the brain microgial can be thought of as

Answer 22

homeostatic

Question 23

in the stroke injury in mice when you get rid of micro glia the brain injury will be

Answer 23

worse, so it microglia acts protective

Question 24

when you treat with ganciclovir (GCV) it eliminates

Answer 24

eliminate proliferating microglia and macrophages

Question 25

in Astrocytoma (brain cancer) when treated with GCV the tumor size is

Answer 25

is reduced, so that means microglia was deliterious

Question 26

When proliferating cells stop dividing they are said to be

Answer 26

in senescent. , when microglia get old this may lead to some diseases