lecture 2 microglia Flashcards
Microglia
resident macrophages of the brain (1932)
15% of the total nervous system glial population
individual cells occupy distinct territories
Microglia are Critical effectors/regulators of change in ____during development, in health and _______
CNS homeostasis,in disease
Microglia 3 activity stages
1) r Ramified
2) Activated or Reactive
3) Amoeboid or Phagocytic
monocytes macrophages comes from
bone marrow
microglia are formed in
embryogenesis through mesoderm
Ramified microglia =
Surveying
Pinocytosis
sipping away at the ECF
Homeostasis
physical equilibrium maintenance of a stable environment
M1 microglia is
pro-inflammatory
M2 microglia is
anti-inflamitory
what are 2 benefical funtions of microglia
1) myelin debris clearance (beta amaloid) and invading macrophages
2) release of growth factors and neurotrophins
when a microglia becomes activated it can
become M1 or M2 (not static)
ameoboid microglia, what shape
phagocytosis can take up substances, round
phagocytosis and microglia is important for
Development
Homeostasis
Damage
Disease
Senescence
is just another word for the process of aging; Senescent phase: It is the period when an organism grows old and loses the ability to reproduce. When proliferating cells stop dividing they are said to be in the senescent.
are mircoglia good or bad?
context dependant, in stroke can be good, in certain brain cancers very bad
Neuronal Signals ______ Microglia and the same neuron can realease _____signals at the same time
Activate (micro glia can move), diffrerent
microglia can go from _____ to _____ depending on ______
ramified to ameoboid, neuronal signals
acute microglial activation leads to
preservation of tissue
chronic microglia activation (in arthritis, and auto immune disease ) leads to
neurodegeneration
in Fluid percussion (FPI) aka moderate TBI or concussive injury microglia
can move to the site of injury, ramfified microglia changed shape to rod like , helped to remodel (no evidence if good or bad)
in normal conditions in the brain microgial can be thought of as
homeostatic
in the stroke injury in mice when you get rid of micro glia the brain injury will be
worse, so it microglia acts protective
when you treat with ganciclovir (GCV) it eliminates
eliminate proliferating microglia and macrophages
in Astrocytoma (brain cancer) when treated with GCV the tumor size is
is reduced, so that means microglia was deliterious
When proliferating cells stop dividing they are said to be
in senescent. , when microglia get old this may lead to some diseases
