lecture 12

Question 1

all 5-HT recepters are _______ except ____

Answer 1

metabotropic 5-HT3 receptors

Question 2

5-HT3 receptors

Answer 2

faster depolarization and gating of Na/K

Question 3

glutamate is taken up by and ____

Answer 3

astrocytes, which breaks down glutamate into glutamine

Question 4

what are 3 ionotropic glutamate receptors

Answer 4

AMPA Receptor  ( Na, K) 
Kainate Receptor  (Na, K)
NMDA Receptor (Na, K, Ca)

Question 5

AMPA receptor is a true ____ and is activated before NMDA receptor

Answer 5

ligand gated,

Question 6

NMDA Receptoris both _____ gated

Answer 6

ligand and voltage gated

Question 7

what co-agonists does the NMDA receptor need

Answer 7

glycine or d-serine

Question 8

for an NMDA receptor reguries what to open

Answer 8

glutamate, voltage, and co-agonist (glycine or d-serine)

Question 9

NMDA receptors are open longer or shorter than AMPA

Answer 9

longer,

Question 10

rectification if NMDA receptor

Answer 10

is when it becomes activated?

Question 11

excitotoxicity (cerebral ischemia) is caused by

Answer 11

accumulation of glutamate in the cleft leads to

Question 12

anoxic depolarization

Answer 12

is a progressive and uncontrollable depolarization of neurons during stroke or brain ischemia

Question 13

Na/K atpase degrerulation leads to

Answer 13

increase in glutamate and astrocytes remove the glumate in a SODIUM DEPENDENT MANNER, so they cant remove it

Question 14

over activation of NMDA receptor leads to

Answer 14

increase of cacluim which is a second messenger and has many targets

Question 15

loss of glucose and o2-> _____ which leads to Na/K atpase deregulation

Answer 15

loss of ATP

Question 16

Ketamine is ____ antagoninst

Answer 16

NMDA receptor, deassociative anesthetic

Question 17

Group II mGluR agonists

Answer 17

is used in generalized anxiety disorders and schizophrenia, enchance glutame relase

Question 18

D-serine is a ___ co agonist

Answer 18

NMDA receptor

Question 19

20% of GABA is taken up by ____ and the rest is

Answer 19

astroctyes, reuptaken by cell

Question 20

Benzodiazipines enhance They do not act as ligand. but

Answer 20

GABA-activated currents.

Question 21

Benzodiazipines enhance They do not act as ligand. but Barbiturates are direct agonist at the receptor

Answer 21

help hold the GABA receptor open longer, and increase the frequency of channed

Question 22

disinhibition

Answer 22

inhibit and inhibitory neuron which causes excitation

Question 23

GABA(a) and GABA (c) receptors are____ what are the differences between them

Answer 23

ionotripoic , BZPs and barbiturates cannot bind GABA (c)

Question 24

GABA (b) receptor is

Answer 24

metatropic Gi,Enhance K+ currents, Decrease Ca2+ currents

Question 25

during development there is high levels of ____ inside the cells so GABA is

Answer 25

Cl- , excitable

Question 26

GABA(a) receptor is a major target of drugs bc

Answer 26

the sites that drugs can bind to

Question 27

glycine is found mainly in the

Answer 27

spinal cord

Question 28

glycine receptors can be

Answer 28

activated by high amounts of GABA