Lecture 2: Introduction to Ethnobotany Flashcards

Question 1

Q

Ethnobotany

Answer

A

Explores the fundamental relationships that exist between plants and indigenous/traditional cultures from around the world e.g. as medicines, foods, intoxicants, clothing, shelter, ship building material etc.

Question 2

Q

——- is a traditional Chinese medicine that is the source of the antimicrobial Artemisinn

Question 3

Q

Drug discovery pathway

Answer

A

1) Ethnobotanical information and Historic texts
2) Botanical identification
3) Preparation of extracts
4) Biological assays
5) Biological - guided fractionation
6) Active compound identification
7) Medicinal chemistry and structure-activity relationship
8) Toxicology, Pharmacology, ADME, PK/PD, Formulation
9) Clinical studies (Hit improvement - Lead improvement - Drug candidate - Preclinical - Clinical)
10) Drug

Question 4

Q

Hit vs. Lead

Answer

A

A hit compound is a molecule that shows the desired type of activity in a screening assay.
Lead compounds are selected from a collection of hits by refining the screening criteria to enable the selection of the most promising molecules for further development.

Question 5

Q

Seedless Vascular plants with examples

Answer

A

plants that produce spores

e.g. ferns, horsetails, clubmosses

Question 6

Q

Gymnosperms with examples

Answer

A

plants that produce cones

e.g. conifers, cypress, gingko

Question 7

Q

Angiosperms with divisions

Answer

A

plants that produce flowers

division: monocots and dicots

Question 8

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Structure of gymnosperms

Answer

A

have a naked sperm
almost all are woody
almost all are evergreen

Question 9

Q

scientific name of ferns and types

Answer

A

Pterdophytes

- sori and fertile frond

Question 10

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Cycads: gymnosperm or angiosperm or seedless vascular

Answer

A

gymnosperm

Question 11

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gymnosperm or angiosperm or seedless vascular: Plum pines

Answer

A

gymnosperm

Question 12

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gymnosperm or angiosperm or seedless vascular: cypress

Answer

A

Gymnosperm

Question 13

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gymnosperm or angiosperm or seedless vascular: Ephedra

Answer

A

gymnosperm

Question 14

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gymnosperm or angiosperm or seedless vascular: fir

Answer

A

gymnosperm

Question 15

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gymnosperm or angiosperm or seedless vascular: spruce

Answer

A

gymnosperm

Question 16

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gymnosperm or angiosperm or seedless vascular: Hemlock

Answer

A

gymnosperm

Question 17

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gymnosperm or angiosperm or seedless vascular: Tamarack

Answer

A

gymnosperm

Question 18

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gymnosperm or angiosperm or seedless vascular: pine

Answer

A

gymnosperm

Question 19

Q

gymnosperm or angiosperm or seedless vascular: cedar

Answer

A

gymnosperm

Question 20

Q

Dioecious with examples

Answer

A

male or female plants e.g. gingko

Question 21

Q

Monoecious

Answer

A

bisexual plants (90%) - “perfect” flowers

Question 22

Q

Monocot characteristics

Answer

A

1) one cotyledon
2) veins usually parallel
3) vascular bundles usually complexly arranged
4) fibrous root system
5) floral parts usually in multiples of three

Question 23

Q

Dicot characteristics

Answer

A

1) two cotyledons
2) veins usually netlike
3) vascular bundles usually arranged in ring
4) taproot usually present
5) floral parts usually in multiples of four or five

Question 24

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Monocot or dicot: Grasses

Question 25

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Monocot or dicot: Palms

Question 26

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Monocot or dicot: Orchids

Question 27

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Monocot or dicot: Lilies

Question 28

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Monocot or dicot: Aroids

Question 29

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Monocot or dicot: Gingers

Question 30

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Monocot or dicot: Irises

Question 31

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Monocot or dicot: Daisy (composite)

Question 32

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Monocot or dicot: Rose

Question 33

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Monocot or dicot: Legumes

Question 34

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Monocot or dicot: Buttercups

Question 35

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Monocot or dicot: Pinks (Carnations)

Question 36

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Monocot or dicot: Mustard

Question 37

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Monocot or dicot: Carrot

Question 38

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Monocot or dicot: Buckwheat

Question 39

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Monocot or dicot: Mint