lecture 2 - head & neck 2 Flashcards
What is the function of temporalis?
Elevates and retrudes mandible for mastication
What is the function of masseter?
Elevates mandible for mastication
What is the function of medial pterygoid muscle?
Elevates and protrudes mandible
What is the function of lateral pterygoid?
protrudes & depresses chin - opens mouth
What is the function of the digastric muscle?
Elevates hyoid, and when hyoid is fixed, depresses mandible
What is the nerve supply of the anterior belly of digastric muscle?
Mylohyoid nerve, a branch of the inferior alveolar nerve of V3 (mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve)
What is the nerve supply of the posterior belly of digastric muscle?
Branch of facial nerve
What type of joint is the temperomandibular joint?
Modified hinge synovial
What are the articular surfaces of the TMJ?
condyle of mandible,
articualr tubercle and mandibular fossa of temporal bone
What are the 3 key ligaments of the Temperomandibular joint?
Sphenomandibular ligament, lateral ligament, stylomandibular ligament
What are the possible movements of the mandible at the TMJ?
Depression, elevation, protrusion, retraction, lateral movement
What are the functions of sternocleidomastoid?
Flexes and rotates neck
What are the 2 veins that form the external jugular vein?
Retromandibular vein, Posterior Auricular vein
Which vein crosses sternocleidomastoid?
External jugular vein
What is the common name for the infrahyoid muscles?
Strap muscles
What is the function of the infrahyoid muscles?
Anchor the hyoid bone so that the suprahyioid muscles can act. Also depress the hyoid & larynx during speaking and swallowing
What nerves supply the infrahyoid muscles?
Branches of the cervical plexus
What are the 4 infrahyoid muscles?
Thyrohyoid, sternothyroid, omohyoid, sternohyoid
Which 2 infrahyoid muscles lie superficial to the others?
sternohyoid, omohyoid
Which 2 infrahyoid muscles lie deep to the others?
thyrohyoid, sternothyroid
What are the 2 neck muscles that attach to the first rib?
Anterior and middle scalene muscles
What is the neck muscle that attaches to the second rib?
Posterior scalene
What are the functions of the scalene muscles?
Neck flexion, forced inspiration
What is the function of dividing the neck into compartments?
Limits the spread of abscesses
Which layer of fascia surrounds all of the neck structures and lies between the superficial fascia and muscles?
Investing layer
Which layer of fascia encloses the thyroid, trachea and eosophagus?
Pretracheal fascia
Which layer of fascia surrounds the vertebral column and associated muscles?
Prevertebral layer
Which layer of fascia surrounds the carotids arteries, internal jugular vein and vagus nerve?
Carotid sheath
What are the circular lymph nodes of the head/neck?
Occipital, retroauricular, parotid, buccal, submental, submandibular
Which lymphnodes lie along the external jugular vein?
superficial cervical
Which lymphnodes lie along the internal jugular vein?
deep cervical nodes
What are the major lymph ducts draining lymph from the head and neck?
Right and left jugular trunks
