Lecture 2: Cell cycle Flashcards
1
Q
G1 phase (3)
A
- normal cellular activities
- cell growth and duplication of organelles
- protein synthesis
2
Q
S phase (1)
A
- DNA replication ; very vulnerable
3
Q
G2 phase
A
- synthesis of protein and microtubules
4
Q
interphase (3)
A
- non-dividing stage = DNA replication and growth
- vulnerable to DNA damage during S phase
- rapidly dividing cells especially vulnerable (skin, GI, bone marrow)
5
Q
prophase (3)
A
- nuclear membrane disappears
- chromosomes condense
- centrioles migrate to opposite poles of the cell = mitotic spindle begins to form
6
Q
metaphase
A
paired chromosomes line up along the equator of the cell
7
Q
anaphase
A
- chromosomes separate and migrate to opposite poles
8
Q
telophase (2)
A
- nucleus divides into 2 identical cells with the same DNA composition
- cytokinesis occurs
9
Q
mitosis (3)
A
- occurs in most cells of the body
- results in 2 daughter cells containing DNA identical to parent cell
- each has 23 pairs of chromosomes = 46 total
10
Q
meiosis (2)
A
- occurs in sex cells located in the gonads
- results in 4 daughter cells with 1/2 the DNA content of the parent cell = 23 chromosomes
11
Q
specialized cells (4)
A
- lose the ability to divide
- red blood cells
- neurons
- muscle cells
12
Q
cells that can divide by stimulus (2)
A
- liver cells
- lymphocytes
13
Q
cells that continuously undergo cell division (4)
A
- high amount of S2 activity
- skin cells
- cells of intestinal lining
- bone marrow cells
14
Q
chromosome (2)
A
- single strand of DNA and protein containing genetic info
- held together by centromere
15
Q
chromatid
A
duplicated chromosome
