Lecture 2: Basics of Cell Biology Flashcards
What is a cell?
The simplest collection of matter that is alive.
What are the three Domains?
Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya
How many μm (micrometres) are in a millimetre?
1000
What are the 3 factors in microscopy?
Magnification, Resolution and Contrast
What does SEM stand for?
Scanning Electron Microscopy
What does TEM stand for?
Transmission Electron Microscopy
What does LM stand for?
Light Microscopy
What is the Endosymbiont Theory
The theory that cell organelles are prokaryotes that have been engulfed by eukaryotes.
- Nucleus
- Endoplasmic reticulum
- Cytoskeleton
- Microvilli
- Mitochondrion
- Golgi
- Ribosome
- Plasma membrane
- Nucleus
- Endoplasmic reticulum
- Cytoskeleton
- Microvilli
- Mitochondrion
- Golgi
- Ribosome
- Plasma membrane
What are the 4 eukarya kingdoms?
- Plantae
- Fungi
- Animalia
- Protist (single cell)
What is resolution?
The clarity of an image.
What is contrast?
The difference between light and dark areas of the image. - Enhanced by staining.
What is magnification?
The ratio of image size to real size.
How much can LM magnify?
about 1000x
Which method of microscopy allows for very small, intracellular structures to be seen?
EM
What is SEM used for?
To scan the gold coated surface of a specimen.
Which microscopy method is used to examine a cell’s internal structures?
Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM).
Which microscopy methods can only be used on dead cells?
SEM and TEM
What is the Endoplasmic reticulum?
A network of membranous tubules which usually have ribosomes attached and is involved in protein and lipid synthesis.
What is the Microvilli?
Microscopic cellular membrane protrusions that increase the surface area for diffusion and are involved in a wide variety of functions, including absorption, secretion and cellular adhesion.
What is the Golgi?
Made up of membrane bound sacs, function is to process and bundle macromolecules like proteins and lipids as they are synthesized within the cell. The ‘post office’.
What is a ribosome?
Ribosomes are the protein builders or the protein synthesizers of the cell. They are VERY small compared to other organelles.
