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* CELS191 > Lecture 2: Basics of Cell Biology > Flashcards

Lecture 2: Basics of Cell Biology Flashcards

1
Q

What is a cell?

A

The simplest collection of matter that is alive.

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2
Q

What are the three Domains?

A

Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya

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3
Q

How many μm (micrometres) are in a millimetre?

A

1000

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4
Q

What are the 3 factors in microscopy?

A

Magnification, Resolution and Contrast

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5
Q

What does SEM stand for?

A

Scanning Electron Microscopy

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6
Q

What does TEM stand for?

A

Transmission Electron Microscopy

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7
Q

What does LM stand for?

A

Light Microscopy

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8
Q

What is the Endosymbiont Theory

A

The theory that cell organelles are prokaryotes that have been engulfed by eukaryotes.

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9
Q
  • Nucleus
  • Endoplasmic reticulum
  • Cytoskeleton
  • Microvilli
  • Mitochondrion
  • Golgi
  • Ribosome
  • Plasma membrane
A
  • Nucleus
  • Endoplasmic reticulum
  • Cytoskeleton
  • Microvilli
  • Mitochondrion
  • Golgi
  • Ribosome
  • Plasma membrane
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10
Q

What are the 4 eukarya kingdoms?

A
  • Plantae
  • Fungi
  • Animalia
  • Protist (single cell)
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11
Q

What is resolution?

A

The clarity of an image.

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12
Q

What is contrast?

A

The difference between light and dark areas of the image. - Enhanced by staining.

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13
Q

What is magnification?

A

The ratio of image size to real size.

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14
Q

How much can LM magnify?

A

about 1000x

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15
Q

Which method of microscopy allows for very small, intracellular structures to be seen?

A

EM

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16
Q

What is SEM used for?

A

To scan the gold coated surface of a specimen.

17
Q

Which microscopy method is used to examine a cell’s internal structures?

A

Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM).

18
Q

Which microscopy methods can only be used on dead cells?

A

SEM and TEM

19
Q

What is the Endoplasmic reticulum?

A

A network of membranous tubules which usually have ribosomes attached and is involved in protein and lipid synthesis.

20
Q

What is the Microvilli?

A

Microscopic cellular membrane protrusions that increase the surface area for diffusion and are involved in a wide variety of functions, including absorption, secretion and cellular adhesion.

21
Q

What is the Golgi?

A

Made up of membrane bound sacs, function is to process and bundle macromolecules like proteins and lipids as they are synthesized within the cell. The ‘post office’.

22
Q

What is a ribosome?

A

Ribosomes are the protein builders or the protein synthesizers of the cell. They are VERY small compared to other organelles.

* CELS191 (12 decks)

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