lecture 2 - ARDS Flashcards
1
Q
what are the criteria for ARDS?
A
- refractory hypoxemia
- P/F ratio < 300
2
Q
what are the causes of ARDS?
A
- sepsis
- aspiration pneumonia
- chest trauma
- PE
- O2 toxicity (improper gas exchange)
- injury to lungs
3
Q
how many phases does ARDS have?
A
3 phases
4
Q
what are the causes of phase 1 ARDS?
A
- lung injury
- edema
- V/Q mismatch
- hypoxemia
- atelectasis
5
Q
what are the causes for phase 3 ARDS?
A
- decreased lung compliance
- decreased area for gas exchange
- worsening pulmonary HTN
6
Q
what are the causes for phase 2 ARDS?
A
- proliferative hypoxemia
- pulmonary HTN
- shunting
- fibrous tissue replacing deceased lung tissue
7
Q
what are the manifestations for phase 1 ARDS?
A
- tachypnea
- tachycardia
- repspiratory alkalosis
8
Q
what are the manifestations for phase 2 ARDS?
A
- increased WOB
- intercostal retractions
- diaphoresis
- cyanosis
- AMS
- crackles
- rhonchi
9
Q
what are the manifestations for phase 3 ARDS?
A
- hypotensive
- decreased cardiac output
- severe hypoxemia
- tissue hypoxia
- lactic acidosis
10
Q
what are diagnostics tests that will confirm ARDS?
A
- serial CXR
- ABG labs
- culture
- pulmonary function test (PFT)
11
Q
how can you treat ARDS?
A
- oxygen support
- high-flow BiPAP
- mechanical ventilation
- ECMO
12
Q
what are the medications for ARDS?
A
- analgesics
- sedatives
- neuromuscular blockers
- inotropics
- pressins
- steroids
- diuretics
13
Q
what are the two types of respiratory failure?
A
- hypoxemic
- hypercapnic
14
Q
what are the causes for hypoxemic respiratory failure?
A
- HF
- fluid volume overload
- PE
- COPD
- pneumonia
15
Q
what causes for hypercapnic respiratory failure?
failure to expel excess CO2
A
- CNS problems
- respiratory depression
- brain trauma
- chronic asthma
