Lecture 2- Apoptosis Cell adapatations 8/24

Question 1

Does the following describe necrosis or apoptosis?

stimuli: pathologic
morphology: cell swelling and lysis

host response: inflammation

Answer 1

Necrosis

Question 2

Does the following describe necrosis or apoptosis?

stimuli: physiologic or pathologic
morphology: cell shrinkage, chromatin condensatiom

host response: no inflammation

Answer 2

apopotosis

Question 3

apoptosis is maintainer of…

Answer 3

homeostasis

Question 4

Morphologic features of apoptosis include:

1. cell…
2. … condensation followed by fragmentation
3. apoptotic…
4. … w/o inflamm repsonse

Answer 4

1. shrinkage
2. chromatin
3. bodies formation
4. phagocytosis of apoptotic bodies

Question 5

cells undergo…. due to chronic stress

Answer 5

adaptive changes

Question 6

4 kinds of cellular adaptations

Answer 6

1. alterations in cell size
2. alt. in cell #
3. alt. in cell diff.
4. abnormal intracell accum.

Question 7

… is a decrease in cell size and function with concurrent decrease in organ size and/or fxn

Answer 7

Atrophy

Question 8

7 causes of atrophy

Answer 8

1. loss of innervation
2. decreased blood supply
3. decreased workload
4. inadeq. nutrition
5. decreased hormonal stim
6. aging
7. local pressure

Question 9

… is an increase in cell size and function with concurrent increase in organ size and/or fxn

Answer 9

hypertrophy

Question 10

3 etiologies of hypertrophy

Answer 10

1. increased functional demand
2. increased or imbalance nutrition
3. increased hormonal stimulation

Question 11

… is increase in cell number with concurrent increase in organ size and/or function

Answer 11

hyperplasia

Question 12

… is the alteration in cell differentiation with concurrent alteration of tissue/organ function

Answer 12

metaplasia

Question 13

2 examples of metaplasia are…

Answer 13

squamous metaplasia of the bronchus in smokers

intestinal metaplasia of the esophagus for acid reflux