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Anatomy - Block 1 > Lecture 2 Anatomy > Flashcards

Lecture 2 Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Vertebral Column Function?

A
  1. Supports the trunk, head, and limbs
  2. Protects the spinal cord
  3. Provides sites of attachment for muscles
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2
Q

How many Cervical Bones are there?

A

seven

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3
Q

How many thoracic Bones are there?

A

twelve

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4
Q

How many Lumbar bones are there?

A

Five

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5
Q

How many sacral bones are there?

Is this fused?

A

Five

fused into one

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6
Q

How many coccyx bones are there?

Is this fused?

A

Four

fused into one

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7
Q

There are two connective tissues

What are they called?

A

Intervertebral disc (IVD)

and

ligaments

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8
Q

Lamina serves as a connective unit for what two bones?

A

Transverse Processes to the Spinous process

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9
Q

The Pedicle serves as a connective unit for what two bones?

A

Vertebral body

and

Transverse Process

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10
Q

Vertebrae Foramen holds what nerves?

A

Spinal Nerves

and

Spinal cord

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11
Q

Thoracic Transverse Process attaches to what set of bones?

Does this attach to another site?

A

Thoracic Transverse Process ONLY attaches to the ribs

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12
Q

What is a Laminectomy?

A

Expose the spinal cord during surgery

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13
Q

Neural Arch goes around what?

A

The backside of the vertebrae

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14
Q

Primary Ventral Ramiis goes where and supplies what muscles?

A

Primary Ventral Ramis goes anterior

and

supplies superficial back muscles

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15
Q

Primary Dorsal Rami goes where and supplies what muscles?

A

Primary Dorsal Rami goes posterior

and

supplies DEEP back muscles

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16
Q

What is inside the IVD?

Central and outside part?

A

Central: Nucleus Pulposus (gelatinous)

Outside: Annulus Fibrosus (cartilaginous part)

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17
Q

The spinal cord ends at what L (?) bone and it becomes what?

A

L2

and

becomes the cauda equina

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18
Q

Name each site

A
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19
Q

Name each site

A
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20
Q

name each site

A
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21
Q

name each site

A
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22
Q

Zygapophysis joints?

A

Joints between the superior articular facet of one vertebrae and the inferior articular facet of one vertebrae and the inferior articular facet of another vertebrae.

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23
Q

Where are the lamina and the ligament flavium?

A
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24
Q

Where is the sacral Hiatus and Vertebral canal?

A
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25
Q

Head of each rib articulates at?

A

Two Different Vertebrae

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26
Q

ICF of V6 binds to rib ?

A

rib 7

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27
Q

Label ICF, SCF, TCF, and V 6, V 7, and Rib 7

A
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28
Q

Bifid Process?

A

Its where the bifid process which is in respect to the spinous process goes from the nucheal ligament and as it nears the spinous processit develops into the superspinous ligament.

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29
Q

Transverse Foramen ONLY in which vertebrae

A

Cervical

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30
Q

The vertebral artery pass through the?

A

Transverse Foramen

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31
Q

Which vertebrae have transverse processes that attach to the ribs

A

Thoracic

32
Q

Which structure is the most anterior?

A. Interspinous Ligament

B. Supraspinous Ligament

C. Posterior Longitudinal Ligament

D. Spinous Process

A

C. Posterior Longitudinal Ligament

33
Q

Dens form the joint

A

A-A joint

34
Q

Give some information about the A-A joint

What’s the name?

What bone forms it?

What are C bones involved?

What movement can be made?

A

Alanto-Axial Joint

Dens form the A-A joint

C1-C2 zygapophysis

No-No

35
Q

What is the name of the A-O joint?

What bones are involved?

What movement?

A

Atlanto-Occipital joint

The C1- Occipital bone condyle

The movement of Yes-Yes.

36
Q

What holds the Dens in place?

A

The Alar and cruciate ligament

37
Q

Tectorial Membrane turns into what?

A

Posterior longitudinal Ligament

38
Q

The 8th rib articulates with all of these structures EXCEPT

A. SCF of the 8th Vertebrae

B. ICF of the 7th Vertebrae

C. TCF of the 8th Vertebrae

D. None of the above

A

D. None of the above

39
Q

Isometric

give an example

A

muscle does not shorten and no movement occurs

Ex: Plank

40
Q

Isotonic

A

muscle shortens and movement does occur

Example: Biceps Curl

41
Q

Muscles can only as they “contract”

Muscles cannot

A

Can ONLY pull

CAN NOT PUSH

42
Q

What kind of movers have major responsibility for causing a particular movement at a joint

What is it called when a muscle acts as an opposer or reverser of a movement?

What are muscles called when they help prime movers what is it referred to when stabilization of one bony part at a joint so that all the tension can be used to move the other bony part?

A

Prime Movers - have major responsibility for causing a particular movement at a joint

Antagonists - oppose or reverse a movement

Synergists - help prime movers

Fixators - stabilize one bony part at a joint so that all the tension can be used to move the other bony part

43
Q

Which area does the vertebral artery pass through?

A. Transverse Foramen; Thoracic Vertebrae

B. Transverse Foramen; Cervical Vertebrae

C. Vertebral Foramen; Thoracic Vertebrae

D. Vertebral Foramen; Cervical Vertebrae

A

B. Transverse Foramen; Cervical Vertebrae

44
Q

What are the superficial back muscles?

A

Trapezius

and

Lattisimus Dorsi

45
Q

What are the intermediate back muscles?

A

Rhomboids major

Rhomboids minor

and

levator scapulae

46
Q

What are the deep back muscles?

A

Serratus Posterior

and

Serratus Inferior

47
Q

Intrinisic True Back Muscles superficial are?

A

Splenius Capitis

and

Splenius Cervicis

48
Q

What is the intrinsic true back muscle intermediate?

A

Erector Spinae

49
Q

What are the intrinsic muscles that are deep?

A

transversospinalis

50
Q

Trapezius Proximal Attachments?

A

Occipital bone

Nuchal Ligament

Suprapinious Ligament

Spinous process C-T

51
Q

Trapezius Distal Attachments?

A

Spine of scapula

acrominon priocess

lateral clavicle

52
Q

What Artery supplies the Trapezius?

A

Two Arteries

Dorsal Scapular Artery

and

Transverse Cervical Artery

53
Q

Subclavian Artery –> —>

A

Axillary

then

Brachial Artery

54
Q

What nerve is this?

what muscle does it innervate?

A

trapezius

55
Q

Innervation of Trapezius?

A

Cranial Nerve XI

which is cranial nerve 11 and also called accessory nerve

56
Q

Which joint allows a person to shake their head in a “no-no” motion?

A. Atlanto-Occipital Joint

B. Atlantoaxial Joint

C. A and B

D. None of the Above

A

B. Atlantoaxial Joint

57
Q

What is the function of the trapezius?

A

Remember DEAR Trapezius.

D: Depresses Scapula

E: Elevates Scapula

A: adducts Scapula

R: Rotates Scapula with the help of serratus anterior m.

58
Q

What muscle is this?

What are the innervations?

What is the arterial supply?

A

Trapezius

Cranial nerve XI, 11

Dorsal Scapular Artery

and Transverse Cervical Artery

59
Q

What muscle is this?

What is it’s innervation?

What is the arterial supply?

What are the proximal and distal attachments?

A

Latissimus Dorsi

Thoracodorsal Nerve nerve (a branch off of the brachial plexus ventral primary rami) and

Thoracodorsal Artery (branch off of the axillary artery)

Proximal :

Distal: Medial lip of the bicipital groove

Proximal: Spinous ps. (T-L) Sacrum (post.) Crest of ilium (post.)

60
Q

The arrow is pointing to a muscle, what is the arterial supply of that muscle?

A

Trapezius

Dorsal Scapular Artery ( br. of subclavian artery) and the Tranverse Cervical Artery ( br of the thyrocervical trunk of the subclavian)

61
Q

Label these muscles.

What are the proximal and distal attachments?

nerve?

artery?

A

Lateral Attachment: Vertebral Border of Scapula

Medial Attachment: Spinous Process C-T (Rhomboids),

Dorsal scapular nerve (br. of Brachial plexus)

Dorsal scapular artery (br. of Axillary or Subclavian art.)

62
Q

Distal attachment of the latisimus dorsi?

A

Medial lip of the bicipital groove

63
Q

What muscle is this?

A

Levator Scapulae

Dorsal scapular artery (br. of Axillary or Subclavian art.)

Dorsal scapular nerve (br. of Brachial plexus)

64
Q

What muscles are these?

What nerve?

what artery?

Lateral attachment?

Medial Attachment?

A

Serratus Posterior Superior & Serratus Posterior Inferior

Lateral Attachment: Lateral Ribs (For Both)

Medial Attachment: Spinous Process C-T (SPS), Spinous Process T-L (SPI)

Nerve Br. of intercostal nerves Arteries

Br. of Posterior intercostal arteries

65
Q

What nerve and artery supply this muscle?

A

Splenius Capitis and Cervici

Nerve: Dorsai 1 Rami

Artery: Brs of Intercostal arteries

66
Q

Label the figure

A
67
Q

Cervical : Facet Joints allow for ? movement between vertebra

A

minimal

68
Q

Veterbral artery goes through?

A

Transverse Foramen and the Subocciptal Triangle

69
Q

Ventral 1 rami of thoracic spinal nerves do not form somatic nerve plexuses are called ?

A

intercostal nn.

70
Q

Which muscle is NOT innervated by the dorsal scapular nerve?

A. Rhomboid Major

B. Levator Scapulae

C. Rhomboid Minor

D. Trapezius

A

D. Trapezius

71
Q

What muscle? Attachments? Nerve? Artery?

A

Attachments:

Lateral : Vertebral Border of Scapula

Medial: Spinous Process C-T

Dorsal Scapular Artery (Br. Axillary or Subclavian Art.)

Dorsal Scapular Nerve (Br. of Brachial Plexus)

72
Q

muscle? Artery? Nerve? attachments?

A

Lateral Attachment: Vertebral border of Scapula

Medial Attachment: Process of Cervical Vertebrae

Artery : Dorsal Scapular Artery

Nerve: Dorsal Scapular Nerve

73
Q

What nerve is this? What muscle does it innervate?

A

Long thoracic nerve. Serratus Anterior

74
Q

What is the innervation of this muscle?

A

Thoracodorsal Nerve

75
Q
A
76
Q
A
77
Q
A

Anatomy - Block 1 (12 decks)

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