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HECOL 211 > Lecture 2: Anatomy > Flashcards

Lecture 2: Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What happens when you have a XY chromosome?

A

You have a Androgen released and you see a differentiation of genitals.

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2
Q

What is the leading Hormone in the development of males?

A

Androgens, primarily Testosterone

Produced in testes

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3
Q

What happens when you have a lack of Androgens?

A

The embryo will continue to develop as a Female.

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4
Q

What are male chromosomes?

A

XY

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5
Q

What are Female Chromosomes?

A

XX

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6
Q

When do Primitive gonads begin production?

A

5-6 weeks into pregnancy

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7
Q

When do we see the “basic blue-print” of Sex within the Fetus?

A

7 weeks in.

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8
Q

Where are Testes and Ovaries located within the fetus?

A

Within the High Abdomen and will descend.

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9
Q

True or False:

When we are developing both male and female embryos will have the Wolffian duct and Mullerian ducts

A

True

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10
Q

What happens when the Androgen, Testosterone is introduced to the fetus (the ducts)

A

The Wolffrian duct turns into the Vas Deferens

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11
Q

What happen wen Androgens are not introduced to the fetus (teh ducts)

A

The Mullerian duct turn into the Fallopian tubes

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12
Q

True or false:
Women are made for sex
Men just try hard to keep up

A

True

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13
Q

What is the primary role of the Mons veneris?

A

To cushion the lady during intercourse and is the location of Pubic hair growth.

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14
Q

What happens as you move from the Labia Majora to the Labia Minora?

A

You will see less pubic hair, and it will become more sensitive to touch and sensation.

also acts to protect the internal organs

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15
Q

True or false:

The labia Minora is connected to the Clitoral hood

A

True

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16
Q

What is the role of an orgasmic during sex?

A

Allows for sperm to better reach the egg, and to make the environment better for sperm travel.

(more likely to have a baby)

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17
Q

What is the function of the Labia Majora?

A

Amply supplied with nerve endings that respond to stimulation. They also shield the inner portion of the female Genitals

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18
Q

What is the function of the Labia Minora?

A

Rich in blood vessels and nerve endings, the labia minora are highly sensitive to sexual stimulation. When stimulated they darken and swell.

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19
Q

What is the function of the Clitoris?

A

Unique in that it serves no known purpose other than sexual pleasure.

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20
Q

What is the Prepuce of Clitoris?

A

“Hood” cover the clitoral Shaft

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21
Q

What is the Urethral opening?

A

opening through which urine passes from the female’s body.

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22
Q

What is the Vaginal opening?

A

Also called the introitus.

Has a Hymen that is a fold of tissue that goes across the vaginal opening.

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23
Q

What is the Pubo Coccygeus muscle?

A

The muscles that encircle the entrance to the vagina

Kegal Exercises

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24
Q

What is the Vagina?

A

Extends back and upwards from the vaginal opening.

It is usually to 5 inches long at rest.

location of menstrual flow and baby pass.

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25
Q

What is the Cervix?

A

Is the lower end of the Uterus.

Its walls produce secretion that help in maintaining the the chemical balance of the vagina.

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26
Q

What is the Uterus?

A

Also called the womb is the organ in which fertilized ovum implants and develops until birth.

It is usually slanted forward.

27
Q

What is the opening to the Cervix called?

A

The Os

28
Q

What is the Endometrium?

A

The innermost layer, is richly supplied with blood vessels and glands.

Endometrial tissue is discharged through the cervix and vagina at menstruation.

29
Q

What is the Endometriosis?

A

Endometrial tissue may grow in the abdominal cavity or elsewhere in the reproductive system.

Most common symptom is menstrual pain. However can lead to infertility if left untreated.

30
Q

What is the Myometrium?

A

Is the well muscled second layer of the uterus. It endows the uterus with flexibility and strength.

Creates the powerful contractions that propel a fetus outward during labor.

31
Q

What is the Perumetrium?

A

Is the fibrous third or outermost layer, provides an external cover.

32
Q

What are the Fallopian tubes?

A

The tube or duct that connects the ovary to the uterus.

33
Q

What are the Ovaries?

A

Are almond shaped organs that are each about 1.5 inches long.

The ovaries produce ova (eggs cells) and the female sex hormone (Estrogen and progesterone)

34
Q

What is a Hysterectomy?

A

Surgical removal of the uterus.

35
Q

What is a complete Hysterectomy?

A

The surgical removal of the ovaries, Fallopian tubes, cervix, and uterus.

preformed as a means to prevent the risks of cancer spreading throughout the reproductive system.

36
Q

What are the breasts?

A

Each Breast contain 15-20 clusters of milk-producing mammary glands, each gland opes at the nipples through its own duct.

37
Q

What is the nipple?

A

The nipple, which lies in the center of the areola, contains smooth muscle fibers that make the nipple become erect when they are contacted.

38
Q

What is the rooting reflex?

A

The ability for a baby to move towards the nipple when they have sensation near their mouth.

39
Q

What is the G-Spot?

A

The Grafenberg Spot

A location in the anterior wall, roughly a 1.5 inches in (feels like roof of the mouth/ soft pallet) That is highly sensitive to touch and stimulation.

40
Q

True or false:

Stimulating G-spot makes you first want to pee and then want to push.

A

True

41
Q

Who coined the G-spot

A

Berrie wickle?

42
Q

What is the Actual function of the G-spot?

A

Pain management during child birth.

43
Q

What is the Penis?

A

The male organ of sexual intercourse. It contains the opening through which semen and urine pass.

Contains 3 cinders that allow it to become erect.

44
Q

What is the Corpus Cavernosum?

A

Cylinders of spongy tissue the penis that becomes congested with blood and stiffens during sexual arousal

45
Q

What is the Corpus Spongiosm?

A

The spongy body that runs along the bottom of the penis, contains the penile urethra, and enlarges at the tip of the tip of the penis to form glands.

46
Q

What is the Corona?

A

The ridge that separates the glans from the body of the penis.

47
Q

What is the Frenulum?

A

The sensitive strip of tissue that connects the underside of the penile glans to the shaft =.

48
Q

What is the scrotum?

A

The scrotum is a pouch of loose skin that becomes covered lightly with hair at puberty.

Holds the testies

49
Q

How long dose it take for sperm to mature?

A

70 days

50
Q

What are the two compartments of the scrotum?

A

Vas deferus

Cremaster muscle

51
Q

What are the Testes?

A

The Testes serve two functions analogous to those of the ovaries.

They secrete sex hormones and produces mature germ cells.

52
Q

What are the male germ cells?

A

sperm

53
Q

What hormones are produced by the Testes?

A

Androgen such as Testosterone

54
Q

What secretes Testosterone?

A

Interstitial cells called Leydig’s cells.

55
Q

What is a function of Testosterone during puberty

A

Helps stimulate the production of secondary sex characteristics.

56
Q

What makes up the majority of semen?

A

Seminal Vesical Fluid

57
Q

How much semen is made by the Prostate?

A

18-20%

58
Q

What is the purpose of the Prostate fluid?

A

To neutralize the acetic environment of the vaginal canal.

59
Q

What is the Copers Gland? what is the function?

A

A gland that produces a “lube” like substance that clears the runway for the semen to go.

60
Q

What is the Vas Deferens?

A

the conduit for the mature sperm.

61
Q

What is a Vasectomy?

A

An operation in which the right and left vas deferens are severed

62
Q

True or False:

Rhesus monkeys developed heart disease after a vasectomy.

A

true.

63
Q

What are the Seminal Vesicles?

A

The two seminal Vesicles are small glands, each about 2 inches long.

They lie behind the bladder and into the ejaculatory duct.

HECOL 211 (11 decks)

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