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ObGyn Lecture > Lecture 2 > Flashcards

Lecture 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What type of prevention is one that attempts to eliminate risk factors for disease?

A

Primary

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2
Q

What type of prevention is one that focuses on screening tests for diseases and is usually performed when the patient is asymptomatic?

A

Secondary

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3
Q

What type of prevention are vaccinations?

A

Primary

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4
Q

What type of prevention is a Pap smear?

A

Secondary

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5
Q

What women can receive the HPV vaccine?

A

Women 26 and younger

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6
Q

What is the most commonly reported bacterial STD in the US?

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

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7
Q

What are 5 risk factors for STDs?

A

History of multiple sex partners
Sexual partner with multiple sexual contacts
Sexual contact with individuals w/ culture-proved STD
History of repeated STDs
Attendance at clinic for STDs

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8
Q

When should bone mineral density (BMD) be tested?

A

All postmenopausal women starting at age 65

Perform in younger postmenopausal women at risk for osteoporosis

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9
Q

A postmenopausal women under _____ pounds should have a bone density screening.

A

127

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10
Q

What are some additional factors that would cause a postmenopausal women under age 65 for need bone density screening?

A 
Current smoker
History of hip fracture
Alcoholism
Rheumatoid arthritis
fragility fracture history
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11
Q

When should TSH be tested?

A

Every 5 years starting at age 50 in women without risk factors

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12
Q

When should lipid panels be tested?

A

With risk factors- every 5 years

Without risk factors- begin at age 65

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13
Q

What are the two major screening examinations for breast cancer?

A

Clinical breast examiniation

Screenign mammography

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14
Q

When should women get an annual clinical breast exam?

A

Age 40 years and older

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15
Q

Which age group should get a clinical breast exam every 1-3 years?

A

Age 20-39

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16
Q

When do women start getting annual screening mammography?

A

Age 40

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17
Q

What age group should get a pap smear every 3 years with cytology?

A

Ages 21-29

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18
Q

What women should get pap smear screening every 3 years with cytology every 5 years with cytology and CPV testing?

A

Ages 30-65

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19
Q

Should women over age 65 get a pap smear?

A

No if there is adequate negative prior screening (three consecutive negative cytology or 2 consecutive negative co-tests) and no history of CIN 2 or greater within the last 20 years

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20
Q

If a women over aged 65 has a new sex partner but has never had an abnormal pap should a new one be done?

A

NO

21
Q

How long after having CIN2, CIN3, adenocarcinoma insitu should a women continue screening?

A

20 years after spontaneous regression or appropriate management

22
Q

When is colorectal cancer screening recommended?

A

All women at average risk starting at age 50 and every 10 years

23
Q

What type of ethics is care based on the character of the physician facilitated by qualities of character such as trustworthiness, prudence, fairness, fortitude, temperance, integrity, self-effacement, and compassion?

A

Virtue-based ethics

24
Q

What type ethics is care based on previous cases and the accumulated scientific knowledge of them, understand that this may chance with new info?

A

Case-based ethics

25
Q

What is ethics based upon shared values, goals, ideals of community rather than the individual?

A

communitarian ethics

26
Q

What is ethics based in quality of care for men and women and the right of women

A

Feminist ethics

27
Q

What type of ethics state that good decision result from character traits such as sympathy, compassion, fidelity, love, and friendship inherent in interpersonal relationships?

A

Care ethics?

28
Q

What type of ethics is a systematic approach based on four principles: autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice?

A

Principle-based ethics

29
Q

What are the six steps in the decision making process?

A

1 Identify the decision makers
2 Collect data
3 Identify and evaluate all medically appropriate management options
4 Systematically evaluate these options
5 Identify ethical conflicts and set priorities then select the option that can be best justified
6 Reevaluate the decision after it is acted on based on clinical outcomes

30
Q

Who’s responsibility is informed consent?

A

The physician, it can’t be delegated to others

31
Q

what is an example of medical liability action?

A

A lawsuit

32
Q

What is an undesirable outcome irrespective of the quality of care provided?

A

Medical maloccurrence

33
Q

What is an outcome that has resulted from negligence (care below standard of care)?

A

Medical malpractice

34
Q

What is the most common age of menopause?

A

51-52

35
Q

What glands are located at approx 5 and 7 o’clock

A

Bartholin’s glands

36
Q

What glands are periurthral and located at 11 and 2 o’clock?

A

Skene’s glands

37
Q

What are the two types of speculums?

A

Pederson and Graves

38
Q

Which speculum is better for parous women. It has wider blades and is higher and curved on the sides.

A

Graves

39
Q

What speculum is best for nulliparous and postmenopausal women. Flat narrow blades with a very small curve on the sides.

A

Pederson

40
Q

What are the three position the uterus can be in the long axis?

A

Anteverted
Midposition
Retroverted

41
Q

What are the two position in the shorter axis that a uterus can be in?

A

Anteflexed

Retroflexed

42
Q

What is a term for the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and support structures?

A

Adnexa

43
Q

_________ is the proportion of affected individuals that test positive on the screening test.

A

Sensitivity

44
Q

_________ is the proportion of unaffected individuals that test negative on the screening test.

A

Specificity

45
Q

What causes syphilis?

A

treponema pallidium

46
Q

What is a normal T score?

A

Greater than or equal to 1

47
Q

What is an osteopenic T score

A

Between -1 and -2.5

48
Q

What is an osteoporotic T score

A

Less than -2.5

49
Q

When should pt’s be screened for DM? What is the favored diagnostic test?

A

Age 45 and every 3 years thereafter

HbA1c

ObGyn Lecture (21 decks)

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