Lecture 2 8/22/24

Question 1

What are the characteristics of an appropriate hair covering?

Answer 1

-covers all hair
-disposable or reusable
-covers dangling earrings
-beard guard added for facial hair if applicable

Question 2

What are the characteristics of an appropriate facial covering?

Answer 2

-tight fitting to limit venting
-shaped around bridge of nose

Question 3

What step must be taken if eyeglasses are worn into surgery?

Answer 3

they must be secured with a strap around the head to prevent them from falling into the patient

Question 4

What is appropriate attire for the operating room?

Answer 4

-clean scrubs that are free of hair and lint
-tops tucked into bottoms
-clean shoes or shoe covers
-lab coat worn over scrubs when not in OR

Question 5

What is asepsis?

Answer 5

absence of pathogenic microbes or infection

Question 6

What is aseptic technique?

Answer 6

practice of maintaining an environment free of pathogenic microbes

Question 7

What is donning?

Answer 7

act of putting on surgical attire

Question 8

What is doffing?

Answer 8

act of removing surgical attire

Question 9

What should be done before scrubbing in?

Answer 9

-confirm patient, procedure, and owner consent
-position patient, lights, and table
-ensure clean and short fingernails
-remove eye makeup and face powders
-remove all jewelry from hands and fingers, as well as any dangling jewelry
-spit out any chewing gum
-remove/silence cell phone
-ensure mask and cap are on
-secure eyeglasses
-wash hands normally

Question 10

What are the goals of surgical hand prep?

Answer 10

-remove transient bacteria
-reduce number of resident normal flora
-ensure appropriate contact time for aseptic technique

Question 11

What should be done when scrubbing?

Answer 11

-keep arms above waist and hands above elbows
-avoid hot water
-adjust water to prevent splashing
-contact all skin surfaces with antiseptic scrub
-produce lots of soap suds to ensure contact
-control water with non-sterile body part
-rinse in one direction, with caution not to touch sink

Question 12

What should be avoided when donning a surgical gown?

Answer 12

-pushing hands through cuffs
-grabbing gown at shoulders to pull it on
-raising arms above the head

Question 13

Where should gloving occur?

Answer 13

near, but outside, the OR suite

Question 14

What are the uses of double gloving?

Answer 14

-having a second pair of gloves on for draping, which are removed before making an incision
-wearing two pairs throughout orthopedic procedures where glove punctures are more common

Question 15

How should sterile personnel treat the sterile field?

Answer 15

-always face sterile field
-keep arms above waist and below shoulders
-consider neckline, shoulders, underarms, and back as non-sterile
-pass front-to-front or back-to-back of other sterile personnel
-pass back-to-front of non-sterile personnel

Question 16

How should non-sterile personnel treat the sterile field?

Answer 16

-never pass between sterile fields
-never reach over a sterile field
-keep at least a 12 inch distance from sterile field
-always face the sterile field

Question 17

What is proper OR etiquette?

Answer 17

-minimize conversation
-limit traffic
-wear mask when packs are open
-no food or drink in OR
-if sterility is questioned, assume non-sterile

Question 18

What are the steps taken to avoid contamination?

Answer 18

-sterile gloves should be changed if they develop holes or become contaminated during procedure
-gloves should be changed after handling infected tissues or GI contents before proceeding to tissue closure
-new drapes and instruments should be used as needed to avoid contamination