Lecture 2 Flashcards
All blood cells develop from ________ cells
common pluripotent stem
Where do T lymphocytes proliferate, differentiate and complete their maturation?
the thymus
Where do B lymphocytes proliferate, differentiate and complete their maturation?
bone marrow
Where are Ag specific receptors located?
on the surface of T and B cells
What part of the thymus is involved in generation of T regulatory cells?
Hassall’s corpuscle
What is a naive cell?
B cell or T cell that have not yet been exposed to Ag
What cytokines play an important role in T cell development?
IL-1, IL-2, IL-6 and IL-7
What do T helper cells do?
express CD4 and provide help for B cell growth and differentiation
What do cytotoxic t lymphocytes do?
express CD8 and recognize and kill virus infected cells
Differentiation into B cells occurs within the fetal ____ and then after birth in the ______
liver; bone marrow
What cytokines play a role in the development of B cells?
IL-1, IL-6, IL-7
Lymphocytes continuously circulate various parts of the body except what?
eye, brain, testicle
How do lymphocytes enter secondary lymphoid organs?
via the high endothelium venues (HEV)
How do lymphocytes transmigrate?
by diapedesis
What make up the white pulp of the spleen?
T cell and B cell zones
What is the function of plasma cells?
secrete antibodies
In the absence of Ag stimulation, follicles are _____ follicles
primary
What is a primary follicle composed of?
small naive B cells or recirculating memory cells
With Ag stimulation, B cells proliferate and differentiate converting the primary follicle to a secondary follicle or a _______
germinal center (GC)
What do germinal centers contain?
mitotic B cells
What are the professional antigen presenting cells (APCs)?
dendritic cells (DC)
tissue macrophages
B cells
What do APCs do?
cells that capture, process, display Ags to T lymphocytes and provide signals the stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of the lymphocytes
APC only displays to ____ cells
T
Only _____ cells can activate naive T cells in the lymph node
dendritic
What cells can present Ags only for activated T cells but not naive T cells?
macrophages and B cells
Dendritic cells and macrophages are cells of _____ immunity
innate
What are the broad categories of dendritic cells?
classical DCs
myeloid (mDCs)
plasmacytoid (pDCs)
macs are derived from ______
monocytes
How do DCs acquire Ags?
use phagocytosis, receptor mediated endocytosis, and pinocytosis
Activated DCs secrete____
cytokines
Where do classical DCs reside?
skin, mucosa, and organ parenchyma
plasmacytoid DCs are early cellular responders to _____ infection
viral
