Lecture 2

Question 1

What are some properties of ALL cells?

Answer 1

• growth
• metabolism
• evolution

Question 2

What are some properties of SOME cells?

Answer 2

• differentiation
• communication
• genetic exchange
• motility

Question 3

The tree of life is divided into which 3 cellular life?

Answer 3

bacteria, archea, eukarya

Question 4

Essential genes are _____ to evolve.

Answer 4

slow

Question 5

The ___ rRNA in bacteria and archaea and the ___ rRNA in eukarya encodes the RNA molecule that is part of the _____ ________ of the ribosomes

Answer 5

16S, 18S, small subunit

Question 6

domains

Answer 6

three distinct lineages of cells

Question 7

What defined the domains?

Answer 7

comparative rRNA sequencing

Question 8

Archaea are more closely related to _________ than ________.

Answer 8

eukarya, bacteria

Question 9

List the 8 taxonomic classification in order

Answer 9

• domain
• kingdom
• phylum
• class
• order
• family
• genus
• species

**didn’t know popeyes chicken offered free gizzard strips

Question 10

What part of the taxonomic classification is used to name organisms?

Answer 10

genus + species

Question 11

eukaryotic microorganisms

Answer 11

the ancestors of multicellular organisms

Question 12

LUCA

Answer 12

Last Universal Common Ancestor

Question 13

From the LUCA, evolution proceeded to form which two domains?

Answer 13

bacteria and archaea

Question 14

Archaea later diverged to form which two domains?

Answer 14

archaea and eukarya

Question 15

Robert Hooke

Answer 15

1665, first book devoted to microscopic observations; first to describe microorganisms

Question 16

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Answer 16

first to see and describe bacteria in 1676

Question 17

Ferdinand Cohn

Answer 17

founded field of bacteriology; first to see bacterial endospores, 1850s

Question 18

Louis Pasteur

Answer 18

1864; disproved “spontaneous generation theory”

Question 19

Louis pasteur designed and successfully used vaccines for…

Answer 19

rabies, anthrax, and chicken cholera

Question 20

In 1885, Louis Pasteur…

Answer 20

administered rabies vaccine to a boy bitten by a rabid dog; within a year thousands were treated

Question 21

How did Pasteur debunk the spontaneous generation theory?

Answer 21

with the swan-necked flask experiment

Question 22

Koch’s postulates

Answer 22

proving cause and effect in infectious diseases

Question 23

cyanobacteria

Answer 23

oxygenated the atmosphere