Lecture #2

Question 1

Who are the 2 people credited for the developing the theory of evolution?

Answer 1

Darwin & Wallace

-Wallace independently came up with the same idea as Darwin

Question 2

What was Aristotles theory on evolution?

Answer 2

he believed that species were fixed and no not evolve

Question 3

What did other Greeks believe?

Answer 3

That we were created originally in our ‘ultimate form’ and we gradually degenerate overtime

Question 4

Who put a date on creation?

Answer 4

Arch Bishop James Usher (1581-1656)

Question 5

What is the actual date of creation?

Answer 5

4004BC

Question 6

What was Buffons idea about fossils?

Answer 6

That organisms arose from the fossilized ones

-people didn’t like this idea

Question 7

What did Lamarck propose?

Answer 7

• He seriously proposed the idea of evolution

- The inheritance of acquired characteristic

Question 8

What other idea did Darwin come up with after his travels?

Answer 8

The idea of “decent with modification” through the process of natural selection

Question 9

What are the 2 main parts of the Darwinian theory of evolution?

Answer 9

1. Individuals vary (accumulate differences from their ancestors)
2. The force driving evolution is Natural Selection

Question 10

What is differential reproduction?

Answer 10

Adapted individuals leave more descendants than those less adapted

Question 11

What is the variation within species due to?

Answer 11

Mutation

Question 12

What is a Character State?

Answer 12

Is the various possible form of that character

-some of these states are adaptive

Question 13

How do the arrangements of fossils appear?

Answer 13

in historical sequence from least complex–> more complex

Question 14

When did Earth form?

Answer 14

4.5 BYA

Question 15

When did life originate?

Answer 15

at least 3.5 BYA

-heterotrophs feeding on simple carbs

Question 16

When did phototrophs originate?

Answer 16

3.4 BYA

Question 17

When did Eukaryotes originate?

Answer 17

1.5 BYA

Question 18

When did multi celled animals originate?

Answer 18

700 MYA

Question 19

When did Fungi originate?

Answer 19

600 MYA

Question 20

When do we think the 1st vascular plants arose?

Answer 20

400 MYA

Question 21

Why was the Cambrian period important? (570-510)

Answer 21

Thought to have seen explosive evolution of phyla

Question 22

What happened in the Ordovician? (510-439)

Answer 22

Possible invasion of land plants (400MYA)

Question 23

What happened in the Silurian period? (439-408)

Answer 23

First fossil plants

Question 24

What happened in the Devonian period? (408-362)

Answer 24

Diversification of land plants

Question 25

What happened in the Carboniferous period? (362-290)

Answer 25

It was the age of spore bearing plants

Question 26

What kind of plant originated in the Permian period? (290-245)

Answer 26

Origin of conifers

Question 27

Why was coal able to form in the Carboniferous period?

Answer 27

Organic matter wouldn't get decomposed because there was: - no O2 - no fungi/bacteria to decompose it - Acidic water conditions

Question 28

When were Seeds invented?

Answer 28

300 MYA

Question 29

What did we see more of in the Triassic period?

Answer 29

Gymnosperms and Ferns

Question 30

When do we thing the first angiosperms appeared?

Answer 30

In the Jurassic period | -the first evidence of them was found in the cretaceous

Question 31

What type of plants become the dominant form in the Cretaceous?

Answer 31

Angiosperms

Question 32

What survived the asteroid in the Cenozoic period?

Answer 32

Angiosperms and the insects | -both continued to diversify

Question 33

Who thought the continents used to be all together?

Answer 33

Wagner

Question 34

When did the continents start to drift apart?

Answer 34

End of Permian Period | ~250 MYA