Lecture #12- Selected Eudicots Flashcards
What does Eudicot mean?
Means true cotyledon
What is a synapomorphy for eudicots?
dicots
What us a synapomorphy for monocots?
having 1 cotyledon
Why did some eudicots lose their mycorrhizal associations?
Because when they got to a new environment they get their and germinate so quickly that there is no time to find a mycorrhizal association
-possible synapomorphy
Characteristics of the Family Ranunculaceae (buttercup)
- lots of stamens and separate cartels
- Basal: many sexual parts (boys on the outside and girls on the inside)
- separate carples
- many stamen
Characteristics of the Family Fagales (oaks, birch)
- Ecto
- Inflorescences (pipe like structure- male)
- Fuits are acorns
Characteristics of the Family Cactaceae?
- Lots of boy parts, one girl part
- Highly evolved vegetative parts (succulent photosynthetic leaves)
- Carpels fused, several carpels fused to form a pistol
- leaves are the spines
What is an inflorescence?
Not a flower, but a composite of multiples flwoers
What is a disk floret?
make the seeds and are on the inside
What is ray flower?
Found around the outside to attack pollinators
What are Sepals?
Sepals are on top of ovaries
What is the normal flower order?
Sepals–> petals–> boy part–> girl part
What is different about the flower order in the family Asteraceae?
It is inverted so that the ovary is beneath the flower
What are tendrils?
Modified leaves or stems and how vines wrap around things
-mainly for climbing
Whats cool about the Indian Pipe?
- holoparasite + ecto association
- doesnt make its own carbon, steals everything
What makes poison ivy cause you to itch?
Urishol
- causes severe histamine reactions
- protects leaves and flowers from herbivory
What can the colours of flowers indicate?
whether or not its good to eat
Characteristics about the Cactus Button?
- has psychoactive compounds
- protection
- buttons are legal but the purified form is illegal
Characteristics of Canabis Sativa?
- THC maina stive compound
- produced to protect flowers and foliage
- highest content around the female flowers
- Can produce oils and fibres
What does Chinchona (RUbiaceae) produce?
- Quinine
- Ati-malarial drug component
- extracted form the tree bark
Characteristics of Cocaine?
- from the coca plant (Erytheoxylum)
- leaves have low concentrations
- could chew for an energy boost
What can Foxglove be used for?
To stop a heart attack
- but too much can kill you because its poisonous
- chemical antiherbivory
Whats different about an Aspen tree?
They are all clones of each other
- Rannet: individual
- Gannet: all of them
What are 7 important edict families?
- Fabaceae (Pea)
- Solanaceae (Nightshade)
- Rosaceae (Rose)
- Vitaceae (Grape)
- Rubiaceae (Coffee)
- Asteraceae (Diasy; sunflower)
- Brassicaceae (Mustard)
Where did coffee originate?
Ethiopia and Kenya
-then brought over to South America
What is Quinoa (Chenopdium quinoa) related to?
Some of the worst farm weeds
Why do we have to be careful with Casaca or Yuca?
Has poisonous latex (milk)
-but is a staple crop in a lot of places
Why were vanilla orchids hand pollinated?
Because they were moved around a lot and their pollinators didnt come with them
What are some pollinators?
- bees
- flys
- beetles
- mosquitoes
- bats
- ants
What is the relationship between the Yucca flower and the Yucca moth
- Moth leaves its area in the flower, when the larva hatch, they feed SOME of the seeds. The ones they don’t eat rsurvive to become plant the next year
How do underwater plants pollinate?
They have filamentous pollen that floats down the stream and wraps itself around the female
