Lecture #1 Flashcards
What is a prokaryote?
Organisms with no nucleus
What does the ending “ogen” mean??
Generates whatever comes before it
What does the ending “philes” mean?
Liking whatever comes before it
How did eukaryotes evolve?
From within prokaryotes
What is included in the Phylum Proteobacteria?
Rhizobium- N2 fixing associations in nodules of legumes
What happens inside the Rhizobium nodule?
There is bacteria that protects the nodule from O2 so it can fix N2–>NO3 (what plants can use)
What is special about an Agrobacterium?
Its a plant pathogen so its able to get its DNA into another plant cell
What is included in the Phylum Cyanobacteria?
Blue/green photosynthetic cyanobacteria
-basis of everyday plants but THEY ARE NOT PLANTS
What is included int he Phylum Actinobacteria?
Frankia- which also fixes N2 but for non-legumes
Where did photosynthesis come from?
Purple+green bacteria that exchanged its genes with a cyanobacteria
-photoautotrophic; not closely related
How did eukaria get there chloroplasts?
through endosymbiosis of a cyanobacteria
-membrane of cyanobacterium was kept in tact
What does Polyphyletic mean?
Category for unrelated plant like, fungus like and animal like organism lineages
What is a Protist?
Anything you couldn’t easily categorize as an animal
-mostly single celled
What are the 4 main groups of plants we are going to be looking at?
- SARs
- Unikonts
- Plantae
- Excavates
When do we estimate that endosymbiosis of a cyanobacteria occurred?
1.2 BYA
How do we tell the difference between primary vs. secondary endosymbiosis?
The number of membranes around the chloroplast
Within the kingdom Fungi, what is in the Phylum of Glomeromycota?
mycobionts and mycorrhizae
Within the kingdom Fungi, what is in the Phylum Ascomycota?
mycobionts of most Lichens
Within the kingdom Fungi, what is in the Phylum Basidiomycota?
mycobionts of most ectomycorrhizae
True or False, land plants were derived from within the Rhodophyta lineage?
False, land plants were derived from the lineage of Chlorophyta (green algae)
What are the oldest group of land plants still seen today?
Mosses
When did most of the diversification of plants occur?
Before the end of the dinosaurs
-most dinos fed primarily on angiosperms
What are the 2 methods of classifying and naming organisms?
Taxonomy
Systematics
What is the nickname of Taxonomy?
The ‘poor cousin’ of systematics