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Exercise Physiology > Lecture #2 (2/7) > Flashcards

Lecture #2 (2/7) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the state of complete physical, mental, social, and spiritual well-being, and not merely, the absence of disease called?

A

Health

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2
Q

What is any movement of the body in which your muscles contract and your metabolism/energy expenditure increases called?

A

Physical Activity

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3
Q

What are the two types of Physical activity?

A

Leisure-time
and
Occupational

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4
Q

What is activity associated with performance of a job/daily living called?

A

occupational

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5
Q

How can PA be viewed?

A

on a continuum

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6
Q

What are the two ends of PA continuum?

A

sedentary lifestyle with absence of any significance of PA
and
peak level of exercise training exhibited by a well-conditioned athlete

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7
Q

What is the ability to perform activities with vigor and related to a low risk of chronic disease called?

A

Health-Related Fitness

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8
Q

What is the ability of the heart and circulatory system to carry oxygen to the body cells, and the working musculature to utilize the delivered oxygen called?

A

Cardiorespiratory endurance

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9
Q

What is the measurement of how much of your body weight is comprised of lean mass versus fat called?

A

body composition

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10
Q

What is body composition expressed as?

A

percentage

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11
Q

What is the ability of your joints to move through their full ROM without pain or discomfort called?

A

flexibility

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12
Q

What is flexibility dependent on?

A

joint range of motion as well as muscle, tendon, ligament length

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13
Q

What is the ability of a muscle to exert a maximum force against a resistance called?

A

Muscular strength

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14
Q

What is the ability of a muscle to exert sub maximal force repeatedly over a period of time called?

A

Muscular endurance

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15
Q

What are some purposes of fitness evaluations?

A
  • educate participants
  • develop an exercise prescription
  • collect baseline, follow up, progress
  • motivation
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16
Q

What should fitness evaluation include?

A
  • interview
  • risk factor assessment
  • resting measurement
  • body composition
  • cardiorespiratory fitness
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17
Q

What part of the fitness evaluation includes: client interest, personal goals, home based equipment, medical history, previous injury?

A

Interview

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18
Q

What part of the fitness evaluation includes: used on well individuals/ no CV history, used to identify risk of developing cardiopulmonary disease?

A

Risk factor assessment

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19
Q

What are some low risk factors during fitness evaluation?

A
  • younger individuals
  • asymptomatic of CV disease
  • meet no more than one risk factors
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20
Q

What are some moderate risk factors during fitness evaluation?

A
  • older individuals men>45 y.o and women >55y.o

- meet the threshold of two or more risk facotrs

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21
Q

What are some high risk factors during fitness evaluation?

A

-individuals with one or more sign/symptom of CV or pulmonary disease, or known CV, pulmonary or metabolic disease

22
Q

What are some non-alterable Risk factors?

A
  • Family Hx such as myocardial infarction, coronary revascularization or sudden death before 55 y.o in male family member
  • age
  • sex male>female
23
Q

What are some alterable risk factors?

A
  • diabetes
  • sedentary life
  • obesity
  • stress
  • smoking
  • hypertension
  • elevated cholesterol
24
Q

What type of exercise participation are classified as high risk?

A

Moderate exercise participation

25
Q

What type of exercise participation are classified as moderate risk?

A

Vigorous exercise participation

26
Q

What type of risk patient receives submaximal tests?

A

High risk

27
Q

What type of risk patient receives maximal test?

A

Moderate risk

28
Q

What are some Risk factor assessment tools?

A
  • Arizona Heart Institue test
  • Par-Q (Physical activity readiness questionaire)
  • Pramingham heart study
29
Q

What are some resting measurements taken during a fitness evaluation?

A
  • HR
  • BP
  • Height
  • Weight
  • Body Composition
30
Q

What is the Body composition?

A

Percent Fat
Waist to Hip ratio
Waist circumference

31
Q

How is Percent fat measured?

A

BIA or skinfolds

32
Q

What is a criteria used for determining cardio-respiratory endurance?

A

Cardiorespiratory fitness max VO2 utilized during maximal physical effort

33
Q

What are two ways VO2 max can be expressed?

A

1- absolute VO2 ml/min

2- relative VO2 ml/kg/min

34
Q

What are 4 other ways VO2 Max can also be referred to as?

A
  • maximal aerobic capacity
  • exercise tolerance
  • functional capacity
  • physical work capacity
35
Q

What is used to estimate the amount of oxygen used by the body during physical activity?

A

METS- Metabolic Equivalents

36
Q

What is 1 MET equivalent to?

A

3.5 ml/O2/kg/min

37
Q

What MET value is considered moderate-intensity?

A

3-6

38
Q

What MET value is considered vigorous intensity?

A

> 6

39
Q

What are two types of VO2 measurements?

A
  • direct

- estimated

40
Q

What type of VO2 measurement is most common?

A

estimated

41
Q

What is a Maximal cardiorespiratory fitness test?

A

when a participant must exercise to point of volitional fatigue

  • must be physician supervision
  • emergency equipment
  • sensitive to dx of CAD
42
Q

What is Sub Maximal cardiorespiratory fitness test?

A

not as precise as maximal

  • lower cost
  • reduced risk
  • estimates VO2/fitness
  • less time
43
Q

What are some cardiorespiratory fitness modes of testings?

A
  • treadmill stress tests
  • field tests
  • cycle ergometer tests
  • step testing
44
Q

What is it when you impose an external stressor on the body for the purpose of increasing the metabolic demand on one or more systems in the body?

A

Stress test

45
Q

What are some pharmacological replacements for exercise?

A

Dobutamine
Adenosine
Dipyramole

46
Q

What is the Bruce treadmill test and what does it test?

A

it estimates VO2 Max

-its done on 3 minute stages, each stage increases 0.8 mph 2% starting at 1.7 mph at 10% on state 1.

47
Q

What is an example of Bruce treadmill test value at stage 1 to stage 2?

A

Stage 1: 1.7 mph at 10%

Stage 2: 2.5 mph at 12%

48
Q

At anaerobic threshold LA is buffered by what?

A

bicarbonate

49
Q

What is the byproduct of LA buffering?

A

CO2

50
Q

What does CO2 drive?

A

ventillation

51
Q

In Anaerobic threshold what remains constant and what shows large rise?

A

VE/VCO2 remains constant

VE/VO2 shows a rise

Exercise Physiology (4 decks)

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