Lecture 2 Flashcards
What are the components of feedback loops?
Stimulus, sensor, control, effector
What’s homeostasis? how is it maintained?
Home is a condition of equilibrium balance in the body’s internal env it is maintained by the body’s regulatory processes. A control system must be able to: detect, integrate and make appropriate adjustments to restore a factor to its desired value
Explain the set point
It is the normal range for a given system. It’s monitored by the control center for that particular system.
What are the two classes of control systems?
Intrinsic: controls that are inherent in an organ.
Extrinsic: regulatory mechanisms initiated outside an organ this is accomplished by nervous & endocrine systems.
What is a negative feedback? What are its components.
It is the primary type of homeostatic control that opposes initial change
The sensor - observes the current state (value or magnitude) of the variable and the controls canter determines whether it matches the desired set point or deviates from it
effector - makes a response to produce an appropriate effect.
What is the purpose feedback loop a of a of a negative feedback loop.
Keeping the internal environment stable.it cannot control what’s outside the body, only inside.
What is a positive feedback? How’s it different from a negative FB?
A response that’s made after a change. it amplifiesan initial change and therefore does not truly contribute to homeostasis. Doesn’t occur as often.this because abnormal changes move the body further from homeostasis and, potentially, head toward death.
What’s the metaphor attributed to positive feedback
The snowball effect. The idea that the feedback loop gets bigger and bigger as the snowball rolls down the hill. The FB feeds on itself/reinforces the stimulus.
What’s the relationship between aging and homeostasis?
Aging results in a progressive decline in the body’s ability to maintain homeostasis.
What is a feed forward mechanisms? what do they attempt to do?
Anticipates a change before they occur, to prepare the body for the impact of that change. Rather than responding to a change after it has occurred.
Disruption of homeostasis can lead to______ &_____
Disease & death
What is disorder?
General term for any derangement or abnormality of function
What is disease?
More specific term for an illness characterized by a recognizable set of signs & symptoms.
Examples of teed forward
- Dog salivating in the presence of fool in preparation for the breakdown of carbs.
- increase in the secretion of insulin to promote cellular uptake and storage of nutrients (ex-glucose).
Explain how a feed forward mechanism works in exercise
This is regulated through the body’s central command, the brain, which primes the body for the changes that are about to take place.
