Lecture 2

Question 1

response inhibition:

Answer 1

ability to suppress actions that are inappropriate in a given context and that interfere with goal driven behavior

Question 2

salience attribution:

Answer 2

process by which certain stimuli come to selectively garner ones attention

Question 3

what brain function may contribute to the loss of control?

Answer 3

low frontal metabolism

Question 4

what happens to the gray matter over the years of substance abuse?

Answer 4

it decreases, in the hippocampus as well

Question 5

what is WCST?

Answer 5

neuropsych measure of executive function, such as planning, cognitive flexibility, etc.

Question 6

structural cognitive recoverys:

Answer 6

improvements in cognitive control/flexibility, increase in advantageous decision making

Question 7

during the coin theme interview, participants reported what? (4)

Answer 7

1. reported increased craving for cocaine
2. had higher heart rates blood pressure
3. metabolic activity in the OFC increased
4. metabolic values in the right insular region were correlated with craving

Question 8

brain reward circuitry responds to:

Answer 8

drug and sexual cues

Question 9

reward neurocircuitry is increase or decreased to natural rewards in environment?

Answer 9

decreased

Question 10

attention is increased or decreased for the substance and substance related cues?

Answer 10

increased

Question 11

brain results due to depression: (3)

Answer 11

1. executive functioning/ higher order cognitive impairments
2. attenuated reward response to non drug related stimuli
3. attentional bias to drug related cues

Question 12

during incongruent condition during troop test takes ____ when its an addiction related word

Answer 12

longer

Question 13

differences were shown in cognitive conflict condition connected to areas of brain associated with:

Answer 13

dorsal anterior cingulate, cognitive control

Question 14

disease model debate:

Answer 14

frames disease as a condition that involved deviating from some normative standard of well being and social adjustment

Question 15

what does the diseases model debate do for people?

Answer 15

may relieve people addicted to substances of debilitating feelings of guilt for their condition

Question 16

sociologists have postulated that disease model debate could create these 2 categories of responses:

Answer 16

1. those which stigmatize the sick person
2. those which legitimize the condition of illness

Question 17

why are people resistant od the disease model debate?

Answer 17

doesn’t allow humans to take responsibility, won’t be held responsible for criminal behavior, may reduce sentence length, doesn’t account for remission or recovery, who does the debate apply to? all races?

Question 18

main object of debate for disease model debate:

Answer 18

free will

Question 19

risk factors:

Answer 19

biological, psychological, family, community, and SE factors that are associated with increased likelihood of negative outcomes

Question 20

fixed or individual level factors:

Answer 20

they don’t change over time

Question 21

variable factors:

Answer 21

can change over time

Question 22

variable factor example:

Answer 22

peer group

Question 23

example of fixed factor:

Answer 23

drinking while pregnant

Question 24

levels of prevention:

Answer 24

primary, secondary, tertiary

Question 25

primary:

Answer 25

keeps problem from occurring. aka education, healthy relationships, exposure reduction

Question 26

secondary:

Answer 26

slows the progression of the problem. aka being aware that this is going on and implementing strategies to stop it

Question 27

tertiary

Answer 27

improves the welfare of the person or people and
is a proactive approach to preventing co-occurring
problems.

Question 28

diathesis:

Answer 28

condition that makes someone susceptible to developing a disorder