Lecture 2 Flashcards
The peripheral response during arousal consists of:
Increased heartbeat, increased breathing, stiffness of the nipples and sex bloss on the skin.
MRKH syndrome (46XX)
The uterus and the vagina are not developed. There are ovaries, but no menstruation or secondary sex characteristics. No possibility to have intercourse or to get pregnant.
Turner syndrome (XO)
Underdevelopment of the gonads, no secondary sex characteristics, not fertile, no/less eggs.
AIS: androgen insensitivity syndrome (46XY)
46XY chromosomes, but still being a female. Having make gonads and a male hormone profile, but the external genitals of a female.
AGS: Andrenogenital syndrome in women
46XX chromosomes, internal organs are female, but has clitoris hyperplasia: clitoris looks like a penis and testosterone levels are high.
Inhibiting hormones of sexual arousal
Serotonin, prolactin and opioids.
Excitatory hormones of sexual arousal
Testosterone, estrogen, progesterone and dopamine.
Different types of erections
- Psychogenic erections: triggered by sensory, visual and auditory stimuli or fantasies.
- Reflexogenic erections: triggered by direct genital stimulation.
- Nocturnal erection: reflexogenic during REM sleep.
The pelvic floor
Is important for ejaculation. Enhanced the blood-flow to the penis and can also relax muscles to inhibit ejaculation.
What hormones are responsible for the secondary sex characteristics during puberty in women?
- LH (pituitary glands)
- FSH (pituitary glands)
- Estrogen
- GnRH (hypothalamus)
Disorder of sexual development (DSD)
Intersex condition, like being hermaphrodite. A mismatch between the childs chromosomes and the appearance of the childs genitals.
Gonads
Can develop in either ovaries or testes. The SRY gene causes the gonads to become testes, otherwise they develop in ovaries.
3 most important functions of the pelvic floor
- Supporting the bladder.
- Controls the movement of the anus and the urethra.
- Important for the birth process.
