lecture 2 Flashcards
collagen fibers type l
- most common
- found in the dermis of the skin
collagen fibers type lll
makes delicate stroma of many organs
elastic fibers in ground substance
abundant in lungs, skin, urinary bladder, and in the walls of arteries
fibroblasts
- resident cells
- responsible for synthesis of all ECM components
- elongated nuclei
macrophage
- resident and migratory phagocytic cells
- kupffer cells in liver, microglia in CNS, and alveolar macrophages in the lung
- arise from blood monocytes
mast cells
- migratory cells
- produce granules like heparin and histamine
- imp in allergic rxns and absent from the CNS
plasma cells
- migratory cells
- produce antibodies
- off centered nucleus
leukocytes
- migratory cells
- cells of the immune system that include lymphocytes and granulocytes
adipocytes
specialize in fat storage
unilocular
white adipose tissue that functions in storing energy
multilocular
brown adipose tissue and plays a role in thermoregulation. Brown due to abundant mitochondria and the large number of blood capillaries
embryonic connective tissue
mesenchyme
loose areolar CT
- more ground substance, little collagen
-underlies epithelia
-vascularized
dense irregular CT
- more collagen fibers, little ground substance
- less stress resistant and and flexible
-collagen fibers are arranged in an unorganized manner
dense recular CT (tendon)
- collagen fibers arranged tightly
- fibroblast nuclei in “box-car” arrangement
elastic CT
- rich in elastic fibers
reticular CT
- type lll collagen produced by reticular cells.
- reticular fibers are enveloped by reticular cells cytoplasm
- form stroma of liver, bone marrow, and the lymphoid organs
cartilage
avascular and no nerves
extracellular matrix of cartilage is composed of…
collagen type ll, proteoglycans, and water
cells of cartilage: chrondoblasts
proliferating undifferentiated cells that begin to synthesize ECM elements
cells of cartilage: chrondrocytes
embedded in the ECM, synthesize, and maintain the matrix. Occupy spaces called lacunae
perichondrium
- connective tissue that surrounds cartilage
- source of nourishment, cellular growth, and renewal for cartilage
- none around articular cartilage and fibrocartilage
hyaline cartilage
- type ll collagen, most common
- ex: articular cartilage, epiphyseal cartilage, tracheal rings
articular cartilage
covers surface of articulating bones in synovial joints. Leisions do not heal and may lead to osteoarthritis
elastic cartilage
- type ll collagen and elastin
- epiglottis, pinna of the ear, auditory tube
fibrocartilage
- type l and ll collagen
- intervertebral discs, menisci in knee joint, symphysis pubis, articular cartilage and disc of temporomandibular joint
bone
- highly vascularized
- reservoir for calcium and phosphate
-undergoes remodeling throughout life which is controlled hormone, thyroid hormone, and estrogen - enveloped by a connective tissue called periosteum and thin layer of endosteum covers bone matrix
