lecture 1

Question 1

coronal plane

Answer 1

• divides anterior and posterior
• occur in anteroposterior axis

Question 2

transverse

Answer 2

• divides upper and lower
• longitudinal axis

Question 3

median/midsagittal plane

Answer 3

• divides right and left
• transverse axis

Question 4

axial skeleton

Answer 4

skull, hyoid bone, vertebrae, sacrum, ribs, and sternum

Question 5

appendicular skeleton

Answer 5

upper and lower limb bones

Question 6

long bones

Answer 6

• shaft or diaphysis with a marrow cavity and two ends

Question 7

short bones

Answer 7

• cuboid shaped
  -found in wrist and ankle

Question 8

flat bones

Answer 8

• AKA squamous bones
• consist of compact bone with spongy bone and marrow in between
• found in skull, ribs, sternum, and scapula

Question 9

irregular bones

Answer 9

include all other skull bones that are not flat and vertebrae

Question 10

sesamoid bones

Answer 10

develop within tendons for protection

Question 11

crest, line, and ridge

Answer 11

linear elevations

Question 12

process, trochanter, tuberosity

Answer 12

larger elevations

Question 13

protuberance, spine, tubercle

Answer 13

smaller elevations

Question 14

spinous process

Answer 14

spine like projection

Question 15

cavity, fossa

Answer 15

large area depressions

Question 16

grooves, sulci

Answer 16

elongated depressions

Question 17

notch

Answer 17

small indentation

Question 18

facet

Answer 18

small, flat surface

Question 19

condyle

Answer 19

rounded projection

Question 20

foramen

Answer 20

hole through a bone

Question 21

canal

Answer 21

passage through a bone with an exit

Question 22

meatus

Answer 22

passage into a bone with no exit (dead end)

Question 23

solid joints

Answer 23

bone components held together by connective tissue

Question 24

plane

Answer 24

• flat articular surfaces with tight joint capsules
  -limited gliding movements
  -ex: acromioclavicular joint

Question 25

hinge

Answer 25

• uniaxial: permit flexion and extension
• ex: elbow joint

Question 26

pivot

Answer 26

• uniaxial: allow movement around one axis, facilitate rotation
• ex: elbow joint

Question 27

saddle

Answer 27

• biaxial: reciprocal saddle-shaped surfaces with high mobility in two planes
• flexion, extension, and ab/adduction
  -ex: carpometacarpal joint

Question 28

condyloid

Answer 28

• biaxial: flexion/extension, circumduction, limited ab/adduction
• ex: wrist joint

Question 29

ball and socket

Answer 29

• multiaxial: spherical head rotates freely about all axes
• ex: shoulder and hip joints