Lecture 2/12/25 Flashcards
DNA Replication
1
Q
How is the leading strand synthesized?
A
Continuously in the 5’ to 3’ direction.
2
Q
How is the lagging strand synthesized?
A
Discontinuously as short segments called Okazaki fragments.
3
Q
What are Okazaki fragments?
A
Short DNA pieces synthesized on the lagging strand.
4
Q
What role do RNA primers play?
A
They provide starting points for DNA polymerases on both strands.
5
Q
What is DNA proofreading?
A
The process by which polymerases remove incorrectly incorporated nucleotides.
6
Q
Which exonuclease activity is used in proofreading?
A
3’ to 5’ exonuclease activity.
7
Q
What is an Ori site?
A
The origin of replication where DNA synthesis begins.
8
Q
How do fast and slow polymerases differ?
A
Fast polymerases add nucleotides rapidly (∼1000 bases/sec); slow ones work at about 10 bases/sec.
