Lecture 19: Pain Plasticity Flashcards
__________ terminate in free nerve endings.
Nociceptors/temp sensors
What do nerve endings have that help detect specific stimuli?
Sensory afferents for temp. and pain have specialized receptors.
_______ respond to noxius pinprick or pinch for example but not to non-noxious mechanical force.
Nociceptors
T/F: Nociceptors can also express GPCRs and Trk receptors that can lead to sensitization of nerve endings
True
Sensitization can lead to changes like…
lowered mechanical thresholds that increase sensitivity of nociceptors
What is Familial Erythromelalgia?
Rare, autosomal dominant condition with spontaneous burning pain of feat and hands, increased skin temperature
What is the mutation that causes Familial Erythromelalgia?
Mutation in SC9A
What are the two types of pain and give an example of each?
Nociceptive pain: Noxius stimuli
Inflammatory pain: Inflammation
What is the response to noxius stimuli?
automatic, withdrawal reflex (early warning system)
What is the response to inflammatory pain?
Pain hypersensitivity, adaptive, low threshold pain
What are the other two types of pain and give an example of each?
Neuropathic pain: Pain hypersensitivity
Dysfunctional pain: Spontaneous pain, pain hypersensitivity
Clinical pain is an ________ problem
amplification problem
What are the symptoms of osteoarthritis?
hyperalgesia, incidence increases with age, no disease modifying drugs available
What are the symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis?
hyperalgesia, allodynia, higher in younger people, disease modifying drugs available.
Dysfunctional pain characteristics are?
Pain with no organic origin
peripheral nociceptor sensitization
Name some types of dysfunctional pain?
Tension headaches
Migraine
IBS
Fibromyalgia
Decreased inhibition is caused by ____________
spontaneous pain
Increased facilitation is caused by __________
allodynia/hyperalgesia
Damage of peripheral nerves leads to what?
epidermal damage
ectopic activity in co-mingling fibers
Sensitization of peripheral pain sensing neurons
Damage of central sensitization leads to what?
- Amplification of incoming pain signals in the dorsal horn
- Probable amplification at other CNS pain perception centers
- Changes in gating of sensory info
What kind of pain can lead to decreased cortical gray matter density?
Chronic low back pain
Duration of pain is related to what changes…
Chronic low back pain induced changes
grey matter density is bilaterally reduced in __________ and right
anterior thalamus
dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex
Chronic pain negatively influences ____________
decision making
What are Lamina I projection neurons a site of?
Major site of neuroplasticity
A loss of epiderman lnerve fibers and insensate and painful distal limbs are associated with what condition?
Diabetic neuropathy
Describe chemotherapy induced neuropathy?
Ectopic activity in sensory nerves and loos of epidermal nerves
