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Cellular Neuroscience > Lecture 1 Flashcards > Flashcards

Lecture 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Genetics info of an organism is coded within strands of ______.

A

DNA

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2
Q

Genes, subunits of a chromosome, induce the production of _______.

A

mRNA

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3
Q

mRNA is a duplicate of the info contained in the gene. What is this process called?

A

Transcription

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4
Q

mRNA leaves the nucleus and attaches to a ribosome, serving as a template for the production of ________.

A

protein

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5
Q

Ribosomes make proteins from ________.

A

amino acids

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6
Q

What is Translation?

A

Ribosome read the genetic info in the RNA and use it to create proteins.

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7
Q

_________ are attached to tRNA, which enter ribosomes and bind to mRNA.

A

amino acids

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8
Q

T/F: Ribosomes move along mRNA, reading its sequence and producing a chain of amino acids

A

True

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9
Q

What do free ribosomes do?

A

They can move about anywhere in cell, except cell nucleus. Proteins formed from these are used within the cell.

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10
Q

What do membrane bound ribosomes do?

A

Synthesize proteins need for exocytosis are bound to rough ER. Polypeptide chains produced are inserted directly into ER then transported.

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11
Q

What does rough ER do?

A

Synthesizes proteins, works with Golgi body to target new proteins to destinations.

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12
Q

What does smooth ER do?

A

Synthesizes lipids, steroids. Metabolize carbs. Regulates calcium levels and attachment of receptors.

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13
Q

Take a break (Flip the card for link)

A

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l-WA9PoMYJ4

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14
Q

Which cell part processes and sorts proteins for transport?

A

Golgi apparatus

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15
Q

What is the name for Golgi apparatus’ front, receiving end? Back end?

A

Front, receiving: Cis face

Back end: Trans face

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16
Q

Besides production of ATP, name 3 other functions of mitochondria.

A

Regulation of Ca2+ storage and release
Apoptosis
Building, breakdown and recycling of proteins.

17
Q

What is the job of actin filaments?

A

Cellular movements like contraction, pinching and cellular extensions.

18
Q

What are intermediate filaments?

A

stable filaments that are found in Keratin

19
Q

What is the function of Microtubules?

A

They are unstable, unless stabilized by GTP. Responsible for moving materials within the cell.

20
Q

The end of microtubules are designated as + and -. What direction does each represent?

A

+: away from nucleus

-: toward the nucleus

21
Q

What are motor proteins and name the two found on microtubular tracks.

A

Move organelles around the cell. Kinesin: moves proteins toward +
Dyneins: move proteins toward -

22
Q

Don’t you love weddings? This video makes my heart happy.

A

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=64u6Z9lhfRI

23
Q

The cell membrane is a ________.

A

lipid bilayer

24
Q

What kind of molecules are permeable to a phospholipid bilayer?

A

Gases, Hydrophobic molecules, small polar molecules.

25
Q

Describe the fluid mosaic model of the membrane.

A

The plasma membrane is composed of both lipids and globular proteins. A mosaic of proteins floats within the fluid lipid bilayer.

26
Q

Anchor receptors do what?

A

Binds to induce changes at other end of protein inside cell. Info from outside is translated into action within cell.

27
Q

The sodium potassium pump is a transporter. What kind of transport does it use?

A

Active transport of ions across the membrane that requires energy.

28
Q

How is the signal transmitted from one point to another within a neuron?

A

by a transient change in the electric field and its associated voltage (potential)

29
Q

Ionotropic receptor is a _________

A

direct ligand gated receptor

30
Q

Funny ! (but skip past 23 if you’re in public)

A

http://www.buzzfeed.com/daves4/life-changing-tumblr#.nmxp3wZY

Cellular Neuroscience (15 decks)

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