Lecture 1 Flashcards
Genetics info of an organism is coded within strands of ______.
DNA
Genes, subunits of a chromosome, induce the production of _______.
mRNA
mRNA is a duplicate of the info contained in the gene. What is this process called?
Transcription
mRNA leaves the nucleus and attaches to a ribosome, serving as a template for the production of ________.
protein
Ribosomes make proteins from ________.
amino acids
What is Translation?
Ribosome read the genetic info in the RNA and use it to create proteins.
_________ are attached to tRNA, which enter ribosomes and bind to mRNA.
amino acids
T/F: Ribosomes move along mRNA, reading its sequence and producing a chain of amino acids
True
What do free ribosomes do?
They can move about anywhere in cell, except cell nucleus. Proteins formed from these are used within the cell.
What do membrane bound ribosomes do?
Synthesize proteins need for exocytosis are bound to rough ER. Polypeptide chains produced are inserted directly into ER then transported.
What does rough ER do?
Synthesizes proteins, works with Golgi body to target new proteins to destinations.
What does smooth ER do?
Synthesizes lipids, steroids. Metabolize carbs. Regulates calcium levels and attachment of receptors.
Take a break (Flip the card for link)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l-WA9PoMYJ4
Which cell part processes and sorts proteins for transport?
Golgi apparatus
What is the name for Golgi apparatus’ front, receiving end? Back end?
Front, receiving: Cis face
Back end: Trans face
Besides production of ATP, name 3 other functions of mitochondria.
Regulation of Ca2+ storage and release
Apoptosis
Building, breakdown and recycling of proteins.
What is the job of actin filaments?
Cellular movements like contraction, pinching and cellular extensions.
What are intermediate filaments?
stable filaments that are found in Keratin
What is the function of Microtubules?
They are unstable, unless stabilized by GTP. Responsible for moving materials within the cell.
The end of microtubules are designated as + and -. What direction does each represent?
+: away from nucleus
-: toward the nucleus
What are motor proteins and name the two found on microtubular tracks.
Move organelles around the cell. Kinesin: moves proteins toward +
Dyneins: move proteins toward -
Don’t you love weddings? This video makes my heart happy.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=64u6Z9lhfRI
The cell membrane is a ________.
lipid bilayer
What kind of molecules are permeable to a phospholipid bilayer?
Gases, Hydrophobic molecules, small polar molecules.
