Lecture 19: Intro to Psychiatry Flashcards
What are the four goals of every psychiatry lecture?
- Distinguish normal emotions from pathological emotions
- Define the characteristics common to all mental illnesses
Anytime behavior leads to impairment or dysfunction of daily living, then that is considered mental illness
-when you can rule everything out - Recognize the signs and symptoms for the most common psychiatric diagnoses
- Identify effective treatment options for the most common psychiatric diagnoses
There is a difference between a behavioral trait and a behavioral disorder
Example: as medical students we do NOT have OCD just because we are organized because we are still able to make friends, etc.
When someone is depressed, what do you need to consider?
Neurotransmitter deficits Chemical imbalance Neurostructural anomalies (MRI) CNS dysfunction (PET) Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal axis Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Thyroid axis Bad genes
What are the major theoretical orientations used by psychiatrists today?
- Pyschodynamics and psychoanalysis
- Behaviorism and Social Learning Theory
- Objective-Descriptive Psychiatry
- Cognitive Neuroscience
- Biopsychosocial model
What is the Psychodynamic/Psychoanalysis theoretical orientation?
Developed by Freud
Model proposes a topographic model of mind where unconscious phenomena are kept out of consciousness through dynamic psychological mechanisms for defensive purposes
Mental disorders seen as tension between desire and reality
No longer mainstream in modern psychiatry but is part of pop culture
What is behaviorism and social learning theory?
Pavlov’s dog
Classical conditioning, operant, imitation, extinction, reinforcement
Behaviors can be trained
What is objective-descriptive psychiatry?
Model emphasizes the somatic disease model of mental illness
-search for biological underpinnings of psychiatric disorders
used by DSM
That is cognitive neuroscience?
Asserts that lesions in brain lead to psychiatric disorders
What is the biopsychosocial model?
Created by George Engel
Illness is determined by interacting bio, psychological and social variables
Takes into account all factors
DSM uses biopsychosocial + objective-descriptive approach
What can cause neurotransmitter deficits that lead to depression?
Reserpine
Iproniazide
What are chemical imbalances that can lead to depression?
Dietary depletion of L-tryptophan
What is psychopathalogy?
A product of distorted thinking with a subsequent negative impact on emotions and behaviors
-could be caused by endocrine dysfunction but unknown what causes what
What defines distorted thoughts?
- dysfunctional automatic thoughts
- negative core beliefs
- errors in logic
What is the negative cognitive triad of depressive illness?
Self
World
Future
What are the 5 Axes of Biopsychosocial Factors?
Axis I: Clinical Psychiatric Disorderss
-other conditions that may be a focus of clinical attention
Axis II: Personality disorders
e.g. mental retardation, maladaptive personality features
-people with personality disorders do NOT think they have a problem lol
Axis III: General Medical Conditions
Axis IV: Psychosocial and environmental problems
9 clusters, including occupational problems, housing problems, etc.
Axis V: Global Assessment of Functioning (1-100) with 100 being the least symptomatic
See pg. 4 of Dube intro pdf to see GAF scoring
Anything below 30 = depression?
20 (global assessment of depression…from 1-100, so a score of 20 = depression?)
