Lecture 19- Equilibrium 2 Flashcards

1
Q

The reaction quotient

A
  • at a specific moment in time as opposed to equilibrium as it tries to go to equilibrium
  • Kp/Kc is specific to a specific temperature
  • Used to determine if the reaction is at equilibrium
  • If Q=Kc then it is
  • If Q>Kc, the system has too many products and the reaction will proceed to the left until equilibrium is reched
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2
Q

What Q tells us

A
  • Q>Keq then the reaction will proceed to the left, it will continue to increase the concentration of reactants until equilibrium is established
  • Q
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3
Q

Le Chatelier’s Principle

A
  • When a system at equilibrium is subjected to a stress, the equilibrium will shift in order to reduce that stress
  • The only three stresses are changes in pressure, concentrations, and temperature
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4
Q

Stress from Increasing pressure

A
  • If the pressure on a system at equilibrium is increased, Q changes and the equilibrium will shift toward the side with fewer moles of gas to reduce that stress
  • This changes the equilibrium concentrations, but it does not change the equilibrium constant (Keq)
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5
Q

Stress from decreasing pressure

A
  • If the pressure on a system at equilibrium is decreased, Q changes and the equilibrium will shift toward the side with more moles of gas to reduce that stress
  • This changes the equilibrium concentrations, but it does not change the Equilibrium constant (Keq)
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6
Q

Stress from increasing concentrations

A
  • If the concentration of one of the species is an equilibrium system is increased, Q changes and the equilibrium will shift in the direction that will reduce the concentration of that species
  • This changes the equilibrium concentrations, but it does not change the Equilibrium constant (Keq)
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7
Q

Stress of decreasing concentrations

A
  • If the concentration of one of the species in an equilibrium system is decreased, Q changes and the equilibrium will shift in the direction that will increase the concentration of that species
  • This changes the equilibrium concentrations, but it does not change the Equilibrium constant (Keq)
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8
Q

Stress from Dilution

A
  • If solvent is added to a system at equilibrium, Q changes and the equilibrium will shift toward the side with more particles to reduce that stress
  • This changes the equilibrium concentrations, but it does not change the Equilibrium constant (Keq)
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9
Q

Stress from changes in temperature

A
  • This is the only stress that changes the equilibrium constant (Keq)
  • When heat is added:
  • Exothermic favors reactants
  • Endothermic favors products
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10
Q

Reciprocal rule

A

Kcii = 1/Kci

- for when reaction is reversed

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11
Q

Multiple Equilibria Rule

A

Kci X Kciii = Kciv

- for when you have 2 of them to work with

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