Lecture 19 & 20 - Conditioning & Cognition

Question 1

Razran (1930) study pairing words with lollies in order to determine salivation CR

Answer 1

They tested how much generalisation was between the words that are either semantically similar or phonologically similar.

60% generalised to semantically similar words; meaning is much more important for simple Pavlovian conditioning.

Question 2

Delay conditioning

Answer 2

Where the CS and US occur briefly at the same time.

This is the only type of conditioning that shows evidence of conditioning.

Question 3

Trace conditioning

Answer 3

There is a delay between when the CS occurs and the US occurs.

Question 4

Define propositional learning

Answer 4

Assumes conceptual processing and symbolic representation.

Involves higher cognitive functions.

Question 5

Define non-propositional learning

Answer 5

Don’t need any symbolic connection; learning that does not involve “symbolic” representation.

Question 6

Single-process models of learning

Answer 6

Learning is propositional in nature; learned responses are necessarily mediated by conscious expectancy.

Question 7

Perruchet effect

Answer 7

A dissociation is shown between conscious expectation of an event and the strength or speed of a response to the event.

Perhaps the best evidence that conditioned responding may not be governed by conscious predictions.

Question 8

Perruchet effect and gambler fallacy?

Answer 8

You have so many S+’s in a row therefore it must be a S- next, even though the chances of this occurring are independent to what’s happened in the past.