Lecture 14 & 15 - Social Learning

Question 1

Social Learning

Answer 1

Learning from others.

To claim behaviour was learned by social contact, it must have a low probability of occurring spontaneously. The frequency it occurs is much higher in group contact

Question 2

Social Transmission

Answer 2

Social transmission hasn’t been learnt through physical contact like social learning has.

Social transmission is the transfer of information or behaviours throughout a group of organisms; it is essentially the sharing of information.

Question 3

Local enhancement

Answer 3

The attention of an individual is drawn to a specific location or situation.

Question 4

Single Action Test

Answer 4

An observer watches while a trained demonstrator performs an instrumental response.

Question 5

Two Action Test

Answer 5

This is a good way to test for imitation with the ability to rule out or control for stimulus enhancement. Imitation occurs if each observer tends to repeat action of its demonstrator.

Question 6

Pedagogy

Answer 6

Teaching in non-human animals.

The criteria for behaviour to count as teaching, the teacher must modify their behaviour in presence of naive observer; student must benefit from instruction.

Cases that are not pedagogy: observational conditioning; parents disciplining young; parents cutting up child’s food; parents engaging in baby talk with infants