Lecture 19, 20 Flashcards
which 3 ligaments are the key to stabilization of the SI joint?
anterior SI ligament
interosseous SI ligament
posterior SI ligament
which two ligaments reinforce the lumbo sacral joint?
iliolumbar
lumbosacral ligament
what muscles provide stabilization for the SI joint?
glute max
piriformis
multifidus
erector spinae
walls of the pelvic cavity
sacrum
coccyx
pelvic bones inferior to linea terminalis
sacrospinous and sacrotuberous ligament
obturator internus and piriformis
What exits the greater sciatic foramen above the piriformis muscle?
superior gluteal n
vessels
What exits the greater sciatic foramen below the piriformis muscle?
- sciatic nerve
- inferior gluteal nerve
- posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
- quadratus femoris nerves
- vessels
- pudendal nerve
- internal pudendal vessels
- nerve to obturator internus
What exits the lesser sciatic foramen?
- pudendal nerve
- internal pudendal vessels
- nerve to obturator internus
- obturator internus tendon
what exits through the obturator canal?
- obturator nerve
- vessels
true pelvis contents
rectum and anus
ureters, bladder, urethra
internal genitalia
which muscles directly affect the function of the anal canal?
levator ani
external anal sphincter
which muscles assist with defecation?
QL
rectus abdominus
ext/int oblique
transverse ab
levator ani and coccygeus
through which structure does the ureter pass?
broad ligament of uterus
what is a cystocele
bladder prolapse
what is rectocele
rectum prolapse
compare the urethra in females vs males
female 4 cm
male 20 cm
symptoms of uterine prolapse
-low back pain
-repeated baldder infections
-vaginal bleeding
-pressure or heaviness in pelvis
-problems with sexual intercourse
-leaking urine
hemorrhoids
swollen and inflamed veins
which bones protect the bladder?
pubis, ilium, and ischium
superior wall of the pelvis
bowels, uterus, etc.
posterior wall of the pelvis
-diaphragm
- sacrum
- piriformis
- multifidi
anterior wall of the pelvis
- pubic symphysis
- pubic bones
- abdominals
inferior wall of the pelvis
levator ani muscles
side walls of the pelvis
obturator internus
function of testis
germ cell and hormone production
function of epididymis
reservoir for sperm
ductus deferens
transport system for sperm
what nerve runs along with spermatic cord?
ilioinguinal n
vertebral level for inferior phrenic n
T12
vertebral level for celiac trunk
T12-L1
vertebral level for renal artery
L1
vertebral level for superior mesentery artery
L1
vertebral level for gonadal artery
L2
vertebral level for inferior mesenteric artery
L3
pathway for sperm production
testis (sight of sperm production)
epididymis
ductus deferens
ampulla
ejaculatory duct into prostate
urethra
penis
endometreosis
pelvic pain caused by endometrial tissue outside of uterus
symptoms of ovarian concern
bloating
feeling full quickly after eating
pelvic or abdominal pain
urinary urgency or frequency or changes in bowel habits
abnormal vaginal bleeding or discharge
back pain
risk factors of prolapse
postmenopausal status
age
instrument vaginal delivery
levator ani injury
pelvic organ prolapse
manual labor occupation
previous surgery of pelvic region
family hx
caucasian or asian race
endometriosis
high impact ex
episiotomy
used to decrease chance of tearing pelvic floor muscles, cutting away at the perineal raphe
children of the internal iliac artery
lateral sacral
inferior and superior gluteal
obturator
superior and inferior vesical
middle rectal
internal pudendal
femal gonadal
