Lecture 14, 15, 16, 17 Flashcards
3 functions of the abdominal wall
-houses and protects major viscera
-assists in breathing
-intra-abdominal pressure used to aid in urination, defecation, and childbirth and core strength
rectus abdominus blood supply
superior epigastric and inferior epigastric artery
blood supply from heart to superior epigastric
aorta -> subclavian artery -> internal thoracic artery -> superior epigastric artery
blood supply from heart to inferior epigastric
aorta -> common iliac -> external iliac -> inferior epigastric artery
organs protected by the ribs
liver, spleen, stomach, gall bladder
what makes up the pelvic inlet
sacrum, pubic symphysis, bony rim of pelvis
camper’s fascia
superficial fascia, more anterior part, fatty
scarpa’s fascia
posterior part of superficial fascia, membranous
what triangle can you find the internal oblique be found in
lumbar triangle
what nerves makes up the upper ab muscles
subcostal T12
intercostal T7-11
what makes up the lower abdominal innervation
subcostal T12
intercostal T7-11
ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric T12-L1
superficial portion of the inguinal area
external oblique
intermediate portion of the inguinal area
internal oblique
in what region does the rectus pass through?
rectus passes through deep inguinal area
epigastric pain
pain from abdominal region of foregut
umbilical region pain
pain from mid gut
pubic region pain
pain from hindgut
which peritoneum covers the organs directly?
visceral peritoneum
intraperitoneal contents
-Spleen
-Stomach
-Small intestine
-Liver
-Gall bladder
-Cecum (w/ appendix)
-Ovaries (and uterus/uterine tubes)
-Tail of pancreas
-Large intestine (transverse and sigmoid)
intraperitoneal is covered by
peritoneum and contains mesentary
retroperitoneal
no mesentery
difference between mesentery and omentum
-mesentery connects intraperitoneal organ to posterior abdominal wall and is visceral peritoneum
-omentum is double layer of peritoneum and extends from stomach to other organs
what is in the retroperitoneal
-Suprarenal/adrenal glands
-Aorta/IVC
-Duodenum
-Pancreas (except tail)
-Ureters
-Colon (ascending and descending)
-Kidneys
-Esophagus
-rectum
volvulus
intestine can become twisted around adhesion with resulting bowel obstruction
the lesser omentum affects which organs
esophagus
liver
gall bladder
function of the pancreas
gland assists in digestion and insulin. Releases juices to break down food after food leaves stomach. regulates blood sugar
spleen function
filters blood, part of immune system
RBC recycled here
WBC stored here
helps fight infections
which part of the intestine descends off the stomach?
pyloric canal/sphincter -> duodenum
which artery supplies the small intestine
jejunum and ilium off of superior mesenteric
what nerve supplies the small intestine
Splanchnic and vagus
what is the parent of the superior mesenteric artery
aorta
Crohn’s disease
inflammatory bowel disease
causes inflammation of digestive tract
reasons for appendicitis
-infection
-hard stools
-growth, tumor
the racetrack on the large intestine is the…
taeniae coli
bifurcation of aorta
L4
bifurcation of common iliac veins into inferior vena cava
L5
what occurs at L1 vertebrae
-conus medullaris
-beginning and upper limit of duodenum
-hila of kidney
-neck of pancreas
-origin of superior mesenteric artery from aorta
-L crus of diaphragm
L kidney location
rib 11 to L3-4
R kidney location
from rib 12 to L3-4
location of HILA of the kidney
L1
how many layers are there to the stomach
3 layers
which ducts lie posterior to the duodenum?
common bile duct
pancreatic duct
peyer’s patches
facilitate immune response- trap foreign particles and destroy them
circular folds
slow passage of food and increased surface area for absorption
liver function
-filters blood from digestive tract before passing to rest of the body
-secretes bile that end up in intestines
-helpful with immune system
-supports every organ in body
diseases of the liver
Hep A, B, C, D, E, alcoholic hepatitis, cirrhosis
ligamentum teres
-round ligament
-fibrous remnant of umbilical vein of fetus
into what does the gall bladder drain?
cystic duct -> common hepatic duct -> common bile duct
gall bladder function
stores bile, helps break down food, absorbs fat
what is known as the silent killer?
pancreatic cancer
arteries that come off celiac trunk
L gastric
common hepatic
splenic
celiac trunk affects which organs
spleen, liver, gallbladder, stomach
superior mesentery artery supplies which organs
small intestine and pancreas
superior mesenteric artery supplies…
large intestine
where does the portal vein travel
venous drainage of spleen, pancreas, gallbladder, and abdominal part of GI tract to deliver blood to liver
