Lecture 18: skills

Question 1

Skill acquisition

Answer 1

how does practice turn declarative knowledge into procedural knowledge

Question 2

serial order problem

Answer 2

how do different parts of a skill get organized into a sequence

Question 3

stages of skill (3)

Answer 3

cognitive, associative, autonomous/automatic

Question 4

cognitive stage

Answer 4

declarative
commit facts to memory
rehearse
requires attention
may be independent of skill

Question 5

associative stage

Answer 5

strengthen connections that lead to desired result

-feedback is important

Question 6

automaticity

Answer 6

fast
executed with less attention
less verbalization
feedback less important
constant practice

Question 7

ACT-R

Answer 7

adaptive control of thought

Question 8

procedural knowledge

production

Answer 8

separate from declarative

made of “if-then” statements

Question 9

proceduralization

Answer 9

take declarative knowledge and turn into productions

Question 10

composition

Answer 10

take several productions and join them together into one

Question 11

response chaining

Answer 11

feedback from one movement triggers the next one (incorrect, because movements occur too quickly)

Question 12

motor program

Answer 12

fast
abstract
hierarchical
composed of subprograms

Question 13

evidence for abstract motor representations and hierarchical representations

Answer 13

writing your name

none of the motor commands are the same

Question 14

evidence for subprograms

Answer 14

motor program retrieval

Question 15

Fitts’s law

Answer 15

describes a specific type of speed-accuracy trade-off

-time depends on size of target and distance from target

Question 16

defying Fitts’s law

Answer 16

edges of screen are especially easy to hit

you only have to aim, no penalty for size of target

Question 17

obeying fitts’s law

Answer 17

microsoft used to place menus on windows