Lecture 18 Flashcards
What are heterozygous alleles?
One dominant and one recessive allele
What are homozygous alleles?
Two of with dominant alleles or recessive alleles
Homozygous dominant
Homozygous recessive
What do punnet squares show?
Genotype prediction of offspring
What does a mono hybrid cross have?
A 3:1 ration in F2 generation
What is a phenotype?
The gene that is expressed physically
What is a genotype?
The genetics underlying
How do you test if it is homozygous dominant or heterozygous?
By test cross.
Cross the subject of interest with homozygous recessive. If only dominant phenotype it was homozygous dominant, if half dominant and half recessive phenotype it was heterozygous.
What are mendel’s 2 laws
1st law: law of segregation
2nd law: law of independent assortment
What is the law of segregation?
The two alleles for each gene separate
What is the law of independent assortment?
Alleles of genes on nonhomologous chromosomes assort independently
How are both Mendel’s law explained?
By chromosomal behaviour during meiosis.
When do we use dihybrid cross?
When we have two genes
How is independent assortment explained by meiosis?
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