Lecture 18 Flashcards
What are the two parts of the skull?
1) cranium
2) facial skeleton
What are the 6 bones of the cranium?
1) frontal bone
2) parietal bones
3) occipital bone
4) temporal bones
5) ethmoid
6) sphenoid
Which bone forms the forehead?
Frontal bone
The frontal bone is an ________ bone located at the ________ part of the cranium. It’s inferior surface is the ________ _____ and its posteriorly bounded by the ________ ______.
Unpaired; anterior; orbital margin; coronal suture
Which bone forms the bulk of the brain case?
Parietal bones
Which cranial bone is located superiorly, laterally, and posteriorly?
Parietal bones
The parietal bones superior midline is the _______ ______ and it joins the frontal bone anteriorly at the _______ ______.
Sagittal suture; coronal suture
The infant skull parietal bones have ______ and ________ __________.
Anterior and posterior fontanelle
Which bone forms the posterior and inferior portion of the brain case?
Occipital bone
The occipital bone articulates superiorly with the ________ bones.
Parietal
What is the foramen magnum?
The inferior foramen in the occipital bone where the spinal cord passes through
What structures are lateral to the foramen magnum?
Occipital condyles
The occipital condyles communicate with the _____
Atlas
The portion of the occipital bone anterior to the foramen magnum is called the ______ portion, It forms the ____ of the ________.
Basilar; roof of the pharynx
Which bone forms the lateral base of the brain case?
Temporal bones
What are the five parts of the temporal bones?
1) squamous
2) mastoid process
3) styloid process
4) petrous portion
5) tympanic portion
Which part of the temporal bones is the anterior projections of lateral portion of the skull?
Squamous
Which part of the temporal bones is posterior and inferior to the EAM?
Mastoid process
Which part of the temporal bones is the origin of several uncles including the stylohyoid, styloglossus, and stylopharungeus?
Styloid process
Which part of the temporal bones is the base of the skull, is very hard, and houses the hearing organs?
Petrous portion
Which part of the temporal bones is continuous with the EAM?
Tympanic portion
The ethmoid bone is projected _________ and ________ from the _____ plates of the frontal bone.
Inferiorly; posteriorly; orbital
What are the five main structures of the ethmoid?
1) cruciform plate
2) crista galli
3) superior nasal turbinate
4) medial nasal turbinate
5) perpendicular plate
What are the two horizontal structures of the ethmoid?
1) cruciform plate
2) crista galli
What are the three vertical parts of the ethmoid?
3) superior nasal turbinate
4) medial nasal turbinate
5) perpendicular plate
What is the cruciform plate?
A porous flat surface of the ethmoid
What is the crista galli?
The superior projection of the ethmoid
What structures for the lateral walls of the nasal cavities?
The superior and middle nasal turbinates
The __________ _____ forms the upper portion of the bony nasal septum.
Perpendicular plate
Which bone is probably the most complicated in the body?
Sphenoid bone
Which bone communicates with all the other cranial bone as well as some facial bones?
Sphenoid bone
What does the sphenoid bone look like when removed from the rest of the skull?
A bat with wings spread
What are the 4 major parts of the sphenoid bone?
1) body
2) greater wing
3) lesser wing
4) pterygoid plates
The sphenoid body is the _____ portion of the bone. It’s superior surface has a _________ called the _____ _____ which houses the ________ gland.
Central; depression; sella turcica; pituitary
The greater wing of the sphenoid bone attached to the _______ surfaces of the body, course _____ and _______ to for the _______ wall of the _______ cavity.
Lateral; superior ally and laterally; posterior; orbital
The lesser wings of the sphenoid bone originate form the _______-_______ aspect of the body, course _______ and _______, are _______ to the greater wings, and contribute to the _______ cavities.
Anterior-superior; laterally and anteriorly; superior; orbital
The pterygoid plates have one ____ on each side, so one ____ and one ______ pterygoid plate for each side.
Pair; medial; lateral
What are the two parts of the pterygoid plates?
1) pterygoid fossa
2) hamulus
What is the pterygoid fossa?
The space between the medial and lateral plates
What is the hamulus?
Located at the end of the medial pterygoid plate
What are the 2 functions of the sinuses?
1) reduce skull weight
2) contribute to nasal resonance
The sinuses are lined with _______ ______ ________ And are continuous with the _____ ______
Ciliated mucous membrane; nasal cavity
What are the four paranasal sinuses?
1) frontal
2) sphenoid
3) maxillary
4) ethmoid
Which sinus is paired, in the frontal bone, and deep to the eyebrows?
Frontal
Which sinus is paired, superior and anterior to the pharynx, and posterior and superior to the nasal turbinates?
Sphenoid
Which sinus is paired, the largest , and the body of maxillae?
Maxillary
Which sinus is made of numerous thin-walled cavities?
Ethmoid
