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Anatomy II 2019 > Lecture 18 > Flashcards

Lecture 18 Flashcards

1
Q

State the 4 branches of the common carotid artery.

A

Vertebral artery

Internal thoracic artery

Costocervical trunk

Thyrocervical trunk

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2
Q

What is the name of the dilated portion of the common carotid? what does it function as?

A

Carotid Sinus = dilated portion of the common carotid

Functions as a baroreceptor

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3
Q

What does the Carotid body function as?

A

A chemoreceptor

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4
Q

Which cervical artery has no branches in the neck?

A

The Internal Carotid

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5
Q

Which set of vertebrae are the only ones with branchial motor outflow?

A

Cervical vertebrae

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6
Q

State the 3 similarities between the neck and trunk vertebrae

A

Both have vertebrae

Both have mixed spinal nerves,

Both have separate epaxial and hypaxial muscle masses

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7
Q

What are smooth muscles of the trunk gut derived from?

A

Unsegmented mesoderm

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8
Q

What surrounds the gut tube in the neck? Where are these structures derived from?

A

In the neck, the gut tube (aka esophagus) is surrounded by striated branchial arch muscles

These are derived from the posterior pharyngeal arch branches (these are the muscles of the pharynx and larynx)

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9
Q

Vertebral section lacks a coelom?

A

the neck (cervical)

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10
Q

List the 3 boundaries of the anterior triangle of the neck

A

Superior: Mandible

Posterior: Sternocleidomastoid

Anterior: Midline of the neck

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11
Q

List the contents of the anterior triangle of the neck

A

(“Did Some Mayan Guy Steal Some Tiny Otters?”)

Digastric M.
Stylohyoid M. 
Mylohyoid M.
Geniohyoid M.
Sternohyoid M. 
Sternothyroid M.
Thyrohyoid M. 
Omohyoid M.
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12
Q

State the 4 infrahyoid muscles (aka rectus cervicis series) and delineate which of these are “deep” and which are “superficial”

A

Deep ones: Sternothyroid and Thyrohyoid (ones attached to the thyroid are deep)

Superficial ones: Sternohyoid and Omohyoid (ones attached to the hyoid are superficial)

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13
Q

State the origin/insertion of the 3 scalene muscles

A

Anterior Scalene insertion/origin: Transverse processes of C3-C6 to the 1st rib

Middle Scalene insertion/origin: Transverse process of C5-C7 to the 1st rib

Posterior Scalene insertion/origin: Transverse process of C5-C7 to the 2nd rib

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14
Q

For the Digastric muscle, describe it’s innervation

A

Anterior Belly: Innervated by the Mylohyoid Nerve (branch off of CN V3 aka mandibular branch of trigeminal)

Posterior Belly: Mylohyoid Nerve (CN VII aka facial nerve)

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15
Q

State the innervation for the following muscles

Stylohyoid:

Mylohyoid:

Geniohyoid:

Sternohyoid:

Sternothyroid:

Thyrohyoid:

Omohyoid:

A

Stylohyoid: Mylohyoid Nerve (CN VII aka facial)

Mylohyoid: Mylohyoid nerve (CN V3 aka mandible branch of trigeminal)

Geniohyoid: C1 via hypoglossal nerve

Sternohyoid: Ansa cervicalis

Sternothyroid: Ansa cervicalis

Thyrohyoid: C1 via hypoglossal nerve

Omohyoid: Ansa cervicalis

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16
Q

State the 3 main branches of the External Carotid the enter the neck

A

Superior thyroid (lowest branch and most anterior)

Ascending pharyngeal (medial)

Occipital (posterior)

17
Q

Which branch of the external carotid is crossed by the hypoglossal nerve at its origin?

A

Lingual branch (anterior branch)

18
Q

The motor branch for which muscles supplies the muscle via the C1 via the hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)?

A

The nerve to the geniohyoid

19
Q

State the 3 ganglion that make up the sympathetic trunk and identify which of these give off the postganglionic sympathetic fibers that supply all of the smooth muscles/glands of the head?

A
  1. Superior cervical ganglion
  2. Middle cervical ganglion
  3. Stellate ganglion (fused inferior cervical ganglion and T1 ganglion)

The Superior cervical ganglion gives off the postganglionic sympathetic fibers that supply all of the smooth muscles/glands of the head

20
Q

Which ganglion of the sympathetic trunk lies at the level of C1 and C2? Which ganglion lies on the longus capitis muscle?

A

The superior cervical ganglion matches both of these descriptions

21
Q

Where does the sympathetic trunk lie in relation to the common carotid, internal carotid, and carotid sheath?

A

The sympathetic trunk lies posterior to the common and internal carotids

The sympathetic trunk lies deep to the carotid sheath

22
Q

The Sympathetic trunk sends ____ rami communicantes to all _____ ventral rami

A

gray

cervical

23
Q

The Common Carotid travels within the Carotid _____, alongside which 3 other structures?

A

Sheath

  1. Carotid Artery
  2. Internal Jugular Vein
  3. Vagus Nerve (part of the vagus nerve)

Anatomy II 2019 (9 decks)

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