Lecture 15 - Genetics, Epigenetic, Brain and Brain Behaviour

Question 1

(lecture):

Describe the difference between DNA/genes and environment.

Answer 1

(lecture):

See slide 2

Question 2

(lecture):

Describe the structure of DNA

Answer 2

(lecture):

See slide 3

Question 3

(lecture):

Describe human chromosomes.

Answer 3

(lecture):

See slide 4

Question 4

(lecture):

Describe the human genome.

Answer 4

(lecture):

See slide 5

Question 5

(lecture):

What is a gene and how does it influence the brain?

Answer 5

(lecture):

See slide 6

Question 6

(lecture):

RNA and DNA are different, what are each of them better for, (their purpose).

Answer 6

(lecture):

DNA is double stranded so is much more stable than RNA that is single stranded.

DNA is better for information storage.

RNA is better for information transfer.

Question 7

(lecture):

Describe the process of translation and transcription.

Answer 7

(lecture):

See slide 7 + 8, and other sources.

Question 8

(lecture):

Read slide 9.

Answer 8

(lecture):

Question 9

(lecture):

Describe histone proteins, what are they used for?

Answer 9

(lecture):

See slide 11

Question 10

(lecture):

Read slide 10

Answer 10

(lecture):

Question 11

(lecture):

How can chemical modifications of DNA affect gene expression?

Answer 11

(lecture):

See slide 12

Question 12

(lecture):

Can environmental factors affect gene expression and function?

Answer 12

(lecture):

Yes.

See slide 13

Question 13

(lecture):

Describe an experiment in mice that proves environmental factors affect gene expression.

Answer 13

(lecture):

See slide 14

Question 14

(lecture):

Describe an experiment in humans that proves environmental factors affect gene expression.

Answer 14

(lecture):

See slide 15

Question 15

(lecture):

Describe an experiment in mice that proves environmental factors may not only affect your own behaviour via epigenetic mechanisms, but also that of your offspring.

Answer 15

(lecture):

See slide 17

Question 16

(lecture):

Describe an experiment in mice that proves parental behaviour may also influence offspring behaviour via epigenetic mechanisms.

Answer 16

(lecture):

See slide 19

Question 17

(lecture):

Describe how epigenetic variation can influence phenotypic variability over time.

Answer 17

(lecture):

See slide 20

Question 18

(lecture):

Is there evidence for an interaction between genes and the environment?

Answer 18

(lecture):

See slide 21 + 22

Question 19

(lecture):

What are some possible mechanisms of genes x environment?

Answer 19

(lecture):

See slide 25