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CHI 282: Human Anatomy 2 > Lecture 15: Elbow And Forearm > Flashcards

Lecture 15: Elbow And Forearm Flashcards

0
Q

Joints
What is the elbow joint? Ie what type
Proximal radio ulnar joint?
Distal radio-ulnar joint -slide 11

A

Elbow joint: synovial hinge joint

Proximal radio ulnar joint= pivot joint ➡ the radius pivots about the ulna during pronation (held in place by annular ligament)

Distal radio ulnar joint: synovial pivot

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1
Q

Be able to label the osseous structures on slide 5,6,7,8,9

A

Yep

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2
Q

How does pronation occur?

A
  • Rotation of the radius on the capitulum of humerus and enclosed by the annular ligament
  • produced by the pronation quadratus and pronator teres
  • innervated by median nerve
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3
Q

How does supination occur?

A
  • produced by the supinator and biceps brachii

- innervation by musculocutaneous and radial nerves

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4
Q

Tell me all about the elbow joint:

How is it stabilised?

A

Stabilised by the radial collateral ligament and ulnar collateral ligament (slide 17)
Medial collateral ligament (ulnar): medial epicondyle of humerus to coronoid process and olecranon of ulna
Triangular ligament with anterior, posterior and oblique bands (slide 18)

Lateral (radial) collateral ligament: lateral epicondyle of humerus to radial notch of ulna and annular ligament; capitulum of humerus to head of radius.
-is weaker than ulnar collateral ligament but provides posterolateral stability. (Slide 19)

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5
Q

Label the diagram of the muscles in the cubical fossa slide 20 and 21

A

Y

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6
Q

Pronator teres, origin, insertion, action, innervation

A

Pronator teres

  • Origin:
  • Humeral head => medial epicondyle of humerus
  • Ulnar head => coronoid process of ulna.
  • Insertion: Lateral aspect of radius shaft
  • Action: Pronation and flexion of forearm @ elbow
  • Innervation: Median nerve (C6, C7)
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7
Q

Flexor Carpi radialis

Slide 27

A

Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus

• Insertion: Base of 2nd

metacarpal

  • Action: Flexes and abducts hand @ wrist
  • Innervation: Median nerve (C6, C7)

Clemente (2011)

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8
Q

Palmaris longus

A

Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus

  • Insertion: Flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis
  • Action: Flexes hand @ wrist; tenses palmar aponeurosis
  • Innervation: Median nerve (C7, C8)
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9
Q

Flexor Carpi ulnaris

A

Origin:

  • Humeral head => medial epicondyle of humerus
  • Ulnar head => medial aspect of olecranon process & posterior border of ulna
  • Insertion: Pisiform bone, hook of hamate, base at 5th metacarpal bone.
  • Action: Flexes and adducts hand at wrist joint
  • Innervation: Ulnar nerve (C8, T1)
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10
Q

Label the superficial and intermediate layer of the flexor muscles of forearm. Slide 30

A

Yeeep

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11
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis

A

Origin:

  • Humeroulnar head => medial epicondyle of humerus; coronoid process of ulna.
  • Radial head => oblique line on anterior surface of radius shaft.
  • Insertion: Middle phalanx of medial four fingers
  • Action: Flexes middle phalanx of fingers @ PIP joints.
  • Innervation: Median nerve (C7, C8, T1)
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12
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus

A

Origin: Anteromedial surface of shaft of ulna

  • Insertion: Distal phalanges of medial four fingers
  • Action: Flexes distal phalanx of fingers @ DIP joints; then assists in flexion of middle & proximal phalanges and wrist.
  • Innervation: Ulnar (medial half) & median nerves (lateral half) (C8, T1)
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13
Q

Flexor pollicis longus

A

Origin: Anterior surface of radius and adjacent interosseous membrane

  • Insertion: Base of distal phalanx of thumb
  • Action: Flexes phalanges of thumb
  • Innervation: Anterior interosseous nerve (from median, C8, T1)
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14
Q

Pronator quadratus

A

Origin: distal quarter of anterior surface of ulna

  • Insertion: distal quarter of anterior surface or radius
  • Action: pronates forearm; deep fibres bind radius and ulna together
  • Innervation: Anterior interosseous nerve (from median: C8, T1)
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15
Q

Tell me some general info about the posterior forearm muscles

A

Superficial layer:

Common extensor origin = lateral epidcondyle of humerus

  • Extensors, supinators
  • All innervated by radial nerve
16
Q

Brachioradialis

A

Origin: Proximal 2/3 of supraepicondylar ridge of humerus

  • Insertion: lateral surface of distal end of radius proximal to styloid process
  • Action: relatively weak flexion of forearm; max when forearm is in mid-pronated position
  • Innervation: Radial nerve (C5, C6, C7)
17
Q

Extensor Carpi radialis longus

A

Origin: Lateral supraepicondylar ridge of humerus

  • Insertion: dorsal aspect of base of 2nd metacarpal
  • Action: extend and abduct hand at wrist joint; active during fist clenching
  • Innervation: Radial nerve (C6, C7)
18
Q

Extensor Carpi radialis brevis

A

Origin:lateral epicondyle of humerus

  • Insertion: dorsal aspect of base of 3rd metacarpal
  • Action: extend and abduct hand at wrist joint; active during fist clenching
  • Innervation: deep branch of radial nerve (C7, C8)
19
Q

Extensor digitorum

A

Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus

  • Insertion: extensor expansion of medial four digits
  • Action: extends medial four digits primarily at MCP joints, secondarily @ IP joints.
  • Innervation: Deep branch of radial nerve (C7, C8).
20
Q

Extensor digiti minimi

Slide 41

A

Origin:lateral epicondyle of humerus

  • Insertion: extensor expansion of 5th digit
  • Action: extends 5th digit primarily at MCP joint, secondarily at IP joint
  • Innervation: Deep branch of radial nerve (C7, C8)
21
Q

Extensor Carpi ulnaris

Slide 42

A

Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus; posterior border of ulna

• Insertion:dorsal aspect of base of 5th

metacarpal

  • Action: extends and adducts hand at wrist joint
  • Innervation: Deep branch of radial nerve (C7, C8)
22
Q

This AAAINT finished bra

A

H

CHI 282: Human Anatomy 2 (19 decks)

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