Lecture 1

Question 0

What structures are in the telencephalon?
Diencephalon
Mesencephalon

Answer 0

Telencephalon: cerebral cortex, white matter and basal ganglia
Diencephalon: pineal gland, dorsal thalamus, subthalamus, hypothalamus
Mesencephalon: midbrain

Question 1

Definition of cortex, grey matter and white matter

Answer 1

Cortex: outer, or most superficial, layer of an organ.

• Grey matter: tissue containing cell bodies of neurons.
• White matter: tissue containing axons of neurons.

Question 2

Name the major sulci and gyri of the brain

Answer 2

Slide 22

Question 3

What are the fibres called which join the two hemispheres of the brain

Answer 3

Corpus collosum

Connection between cortical areas of similar function in both hemispheres

Question 4

Know the function of the different areas of the cortex

Slide 26

Answer 4

He

Question 5

Somatosensory cortex

Responsible for?

Answer 5

Nerve cells in this area receive and interpret sensations of pain, temperature, touch and pressure from contralateral side of body.

Question 6

What are the brain structures responsible for movement production?

Answer 6

• Cerebral cortex
• Thalamus
• Basal ganglia
• Brainstem (L2)
• Cerebellum (L3)

=> Motor pathways transfer information between these structures

Question 7

Thalamus
Division of the ____cephalon
Function?

Answer 7

Largest division of diencephalon -composed of many nuclei.

• Receives and processes precortical input from all sensory systems except olfactory system.
• Then conveys information (projects) to the cerebral cortex.

Question 8

Basal ganglia function.

What are the Names when either of the 2 are grouped together

Answer 8

• Sub-cortical grey matter nuclei.
• Essential component of extra-pyramidal motor system-> role in initiation & execution of motor activity.
• Consists of:
• Caudate nucleus

• Putamen
Corpus striatum

• Globus pallidus and putamen =

Lentiform nucleus

Question 9

Arterial blood supply of brain

Answer 9

• 2.5% body weight. • • Receives 15% of CO.

* Internal carotid (anterior circulation) & vertebral arteries (posterior circulation

Question 10

Know how to label the arterial circle and the areas of brain each vessel supplies.
Slide 39

Answer 10

Yep

Question 11

Arteries of the cerebrum

Answer 11

Arteries of cerebrum

• Principal arteries:
• Anterior cerebral artery (branch of internal carotid artery)
• Middle cerebral artery (branch of internal carotid artery)
• Posterior cerebral artery (terminal branch of basilar artery)

Question 12

Distribution of ACA
Distribution of MCA
Distribution of PCA

Answer 12

Occlusion of Anterior Cerebral Artery will lead to sensorimotor function loss in lower limb & bladder weakness
Occlusion of Middle Cerebral Artery will lead to sensorimotor function loss primarily in face and hands

• Posterior cerebral artery supplies occipital lobe and branches to the thalamus.
• Occlusion will lead to visual disturbances.
• Possibly cause sensory losses on one side of body if thalamus deprived of blood.