Lecture 15: Blood Pressure

Question 1

Blood Pressure is:

Answer 1

The force exerted by the blood against a vessel wall

Question 2

Blood Pressure Depends on:

Answer 2

• The volume of blood contained within the vessel

- The compliance (distensibility) of the vessel wall (how easily they can be stretched)

Question 3

What is a “Sphygmomanometer?”

Answer 3

A devices that can indirectly measure the changes in arterial pressure throughout the cardiac cycle

Question 4

What is the Korotokoff Sound?

Answer 4

Sounds that is emitted through the stethoscope once it is placed on the brachial artery

Question 5

What are symptoms of Hypertension?

Answer 5

• Severe Headache
• Severe Anxiety
• SOB
• Nosebleed
• Feeling of Pulsations in neck or head

Question 6

What are symptoms of Hypotension?

Answer 6

• Dizziness
• Syncope
• Lack of Concentration
• Nausea
• Cold Extremities

Question 7

When can SBP be heard in Korotkoff Sound?

When can DBP be heard in Korotkoff Sound?

Answer 7

First

Fifth

Question 8

What is Pulse determined by:

Answer 8

Systolic BP minus Diastolic BP

Question 9

What is the formula for MAP?

Answer 9

Diastolic BP plus 1/3 pulse pressure
or
Cardiac Output times Total Peripheral Resistance

Question 10

What is the formula for Mid-BP?

Answer 10

The sum of Sys BP plus Dia BP, divided by 2

Question 11

What is Systolic Arterial Pressure?

Answer 11

Pressure exerted by blood vessel walls during ventricular contraction
- The pressure fills up the Aorta

Question 12

What is Diastolic Arterial Pressure?

Answer 12

Pressure when the vessels are relaxed and filling up the left ventricle

Question 13

What is Mean Arterial Pressure?

Answer 13

The pressure that propels the blood to the tissues

Question 14

Baroreceptors Reflex

Maintain BP a nearly:

Answer 14

Constant Rate

Question 15

Baroreceptors Reflex

Provides rapid negative:

Answer 15

Feedback Loops

Question 16

Baroreceptors Reflex

Elevated BP reflexivity causes HR to ____ and this causes BP to ______

Answer 16

decrease; decrease

Question 17

RAS System

Hormone that regulates:

Answer 17

BP and Fluid Balance

Question 18

RAS System
When renal blood flow is reduced:
______ cells in kidneys convert _____ already in the blood into _____. This secretes directly into circulation

Answer 18

Juxtaglomerular; prorenin; renin

Question 19

Carotid Sinus Baroreceptor

Innervated by Cranial Nerve __, _______ nerve

Answer 19

IX; Glossopharyngeal

Question 20

Aortic Arch Baroreceptor

Innervated by Cranial Nerve __; ____ nerve

Answer 20

X; Vagus

Question 21

120 mm Hg is equal to:

80 mm Hg is equal to:

Answer 21

16 pKa

11 pKa

Question 22

Pulse Pressure

This pulse can be felt in an ____ lying close to the surface of the ___

Answer 22

artery; skin

Question 23

Mean Arterial Pressure

The average pressure responsible for driving blood ____ into the ____ throughout the ____ _____

Answer 23

forward; tissues; cardiac cycle

Question 24

Controlling BP

Mean Arterial Pressure is constantly monitored by _____ (______ sensors) in the circulatory system

Answer 24

baroreceptor (pressure)

Question 25

Controlling BP

Baroreceptors sense changes in _____ and allow for short term (within ____) _______

Answer 25

pressure; (seconds); adjustment

Question 26

2 most important baroreceptors are:

Answer 26

Carotid Sinus and Aortic Arch

Question 27

Common Sinus Baroreceptor conducts signals to the

Answer 27

CV system

Question 28

Renin-Angiotensin

RAS or RAAS system is a ____ system that helps regulate long-term _____ _____ and _____ _____ in the body

Answer 28

hormone

blood pressure; extracellular volume