Lecture 15

Question 1

Global Burden of Disease Mortality 2019

Answer 1

Question 2

Over time communicable diseases are…

Answer 2

Decreasing

Question 3

Communablae diseases are more common in which countries?

Answer 3

Low income countries

Question 4

Road injustice as a cause of death is more common in which countries

Answer 4

Low incom

Question 5

Low income countries have more communacible death then high income

Answer 5

Yes

Question 6

What are YLD’s

Answer 6

Years lived with disability

• this is a measure of non-fatal health loss
• takes into account the number of people in the health state of interest (prevalence or incidence times duration) and the severity of that health state (disability weight)

Question 7

What is a YLL

Answer 7

• years of life lost
• this is a measure of fatal health loss
• it takes into account the number of deaths and the age at death

Question 8

What are DALYS?

Answer 8

• a DALY is an integrated measure of health loss
• it is the sum of the years of life lost (YLLs) and years lived with disablilty and adjusted for severity (YLDS)
• one DALY represents the loss of one year of life lived in full health

Question 9

What do DALYS measure?

Answer 9

Measures the gap between a populations’ current health status
and ideal health status

(Quantifying the Burden of Disease for mortality and morbidity)

Question 10

Quantifying the Burden of Disease for mortality and morbidity

Answer 10

Question 11

Answer 11

• there is a decreasing DALY rate
• increasing total number of DALYs due to the aging population

Question 12

Demographic and Epidemiological Transition Theories
(Describes the changes in the global life explanatory over 222 years)

Answer 12

• two theories that occur together
• demographic transition explains:
  
  • changes in population death and birth rates
  • growth and changes in population over time
• epidemiological transitions exaplins:
  
  • changes in population disease patterns over time
    
    • communicable disease
    • non - communicable diseases

Question 13

Demographic transition

Answer 13

Question 14

Graphs that show NZ changing population - aging

Answer 14

Question 15

Epidemiological transition graph

Answer 15

Question 16

Compression of morbidity

Answer 16

• Morbidity occurs later in life
• Slow the progression from chronic disease to disability
• Will create an increase in milder chronic disease but a decrease
  in the period of time a person experiences severe disability
• Maintain function and improve wellbeing

“Healthy older persons are a resource for their families, communities and the economy.”
We want to live longer in good health

Question 17

epidemiological
transition

Answer 17

Disease patterns have changed over time from a
dominance of communicable disease to a dominance
of non-communicable disease

Question 18

demographic transition

Answer 18

Populations have grown and changed over time; life
expectancy is increasing

Question 19

Why is it important that when we enter older age, we
enter this era of life as healthy as possible?

Answer 19

the health of older individuals has a far-reaching impact on society by contributing to economic prosperity, knowledge transfer, community engagement, and the overall well-being of both individuals and the broader population.

(CHAT GPT answered this)