Lecture 14 - Sleep Flashcards
Sleep lab
to see if something is happening during your sleep that’s abrupting your sleep
- monitor brain waves while asleep
- perhaps not getting proper amount of sleep b/c some disruptions
- used for epileptic testing to check brain waves
Sleep purpose
keeps us alive
- we’re best judge if we get enough sleep but sometimes not
Awake
– ALPHA activity, regular, medium frequency 8-12 Hz (more prevalent with eyes closed); BETA activity, irregular, low amplitude 13-30 Hz.
Stage 1
– THETA activity 3.5-7.5 Hz – transition.
- easy to wake up
- starting to fall asleep
Stage 2
– irregular, periods of theta, SLEEP SPINDLES (short bursts at 12-14 Hz – maintenance of sleep), K-COMPLEXES (≈1 per minute).
- little deeper in sleep than stage 1 - still easy to wake up
- people who are recovering alcoholism or drug use have poorly defined stage 2 sleep or those people that have trouble sleeping have problems with this stage
Stage 3
– high amplitude DELTA >3.5 Hz.
Stage 4
– 50% delta activity.
- deep sleep
- difficult to awaken person
Stages 3 & 4
- slow wave sleep.
- sleep talking, walking & night terrors happen here & not during dream sleep
- deep sleep harder to wake up
REM sleep
desynchronized EEG, some theta, rapid eye movements.
body largely paralyzed. (for your benefit)
(dream sleeping - seem real & relatively remembered)
(newborns spend 50% in REM)
90 minute cycle between ___ and ____ sleep.
REM
NON-REM
(rotates through - cycle)
Dreaming
increased cerebral blood flow to visual cortex (visually dominated areas) and decreased to inferior frontal (areas involved in planning of movements)
- protective mech! - level of paralysis, so you don’t act out your dream (ex: fly out window) & hurt yourself
decreased activity (decreased planning, sequencing of events)
increased activity (increased, vivid imagery)
Sleep Disorders - Insomnia
Margaret Thatcher (and Winston Churchill) slept only a few hours a night!
underlying cause – insomnia is a symptom.
medication can be a curse – sleep medication hangover!
sleep apnea – difficulty breathing while asleep (people who snore have brief periods of apnea).
Sleep apnea
– difficulty breathing while asleep (people who snore have brief periods of apnea).
- narrows pipe going down so much so that your brain gets alerted
- at times, palet closes throat & stops O2 going to brain & your brain doesn’t like that so it temporarily wakes you up, so you snort & snore struggle yourself awake to start breathing again
- can happen repeatively during night
- an get v. little sleep b/c every min or so they’re getting woken up by brain b/c not getting O2 they need
Narcolepsy
sleep attack – at inappropriate times (particularly during monotonous or boring conditions).
≈ 2 – 5 minutes.
cataplexy – falling to ground - hypocretin deficiency – dogs.
sleep paralysis and hypnagogic hallucinations (hallucinations during the transitional state between being awake and sleeping) – alien abduction?
Sleep attack
– at inappropriate times (particularly during monotonous or boring conditions). (monotone)
≈ 2 – 5 minutes.
Cataplexy
– falling to ground (kid dancing - happens when kid is excited & fam cheering him on) - hypocretin deficiency – dogs (sleep paralysis at inappropriate times while awake - we go through it at night, REM sleep paralysis)
